The History of Al-Hirrah In the Light of The Writings of The German Orientalist Theodor Noldke (A Critical Analysis Study)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61841/8bamjv95Keywords:
Noldke, the Arabs, before Islam, Al Hirrah, OrientalismAbstract
study is considered one of the important historical studies at all levels, for the scientific material that they presented which in turn is worthy to study especially these studies that concerned themselves with the history of ancient Arabs. The subject of our study that we are dealing with is one of them. These studies have shown many of the topics that Arab historians have omitted. Actually, these topics suffered from such neglecting because of lacking the temporal and spatial dimensions alike. So Noldka and his studies on this date are distinguished from others by his study that relied on various resources to reach the largest possible amount of truth.
Downloads
References
[1] Procopius
[2] Ginghai Iran and Rome, translation: Muhammad Saidi, Sazman Press, (Tehran, 1338 AH).
[3] Primary Sources
[4] Ibn Al-Atheer, Abu al-Hasan Ali.
[5] The Complete History, Achievement: Omar Abdel Salam Tadmari (Dar Al-Kitab Al-Arabi, Beirut, 1997).
[6] Al-Isfahani, Hamza bin Al-Hassan.
[7] History of the Sunni Kings of the Earth and the Prophets, (Dar Al Hayat Library Publications, Beirut, D.T.).
[8] Al-Isfahani, Abu al-Faraj Ali.
[9] Songs, investigation: Abdel Karim El-Azbawi, Dr. Abdel Aziz Matar, supervised by: Mohamed Abu El-Fadl
Ibrahim, (Egyptian General Book Authority, Cairo, 1994 AD).
[10] Al-Bazzar, Abu Bakr Ahmed.
[11] Musnad Al-Bazzar, published in the name of Al-Bahr Al-Zakhkar.
[12] Abu Al-Sura, God’s Gift, Muhammad.
[13] More Manqib in the Asad al-Muluk news, investigation: Muhammad Abd al-Qadir Khreisat and Saleh Musa Daradkeh (Modern Risala Library, Amman, 1984 AD).
[14] Al-Bakri, Abu Ubaid Abdullah.
[15] Glossary of what I have summoned from the names of the countries and places, 3rd edition (World of Books, Beirut, 1982)
[16] Ibn Habib, Muhammad ibn Habib.
[17] 7. Al-Mahbir, investigation: Elazza Lichten Stetter (New Horizons House, Beirut, D.T.).
[18] Al-Humairi, Abu Abdullah Muhammad.
[19] 8. Al-Rawd Al-Maatar, in the News of the Countries, by: Ihsan Abbas, 2nd edition (Nasser Foundation for Culture, Beirut, 1980 AD).
[20] Ibn Khaldun, Abd al-Rahman bin Muhammad.
[21] 9. The Court of the Apprentice and the News in the History of the Arabs, the Berbers, and their contemporaries with the greatest interests, by: Khalil Shehadeh, 2nd edition, (Dar Al-Fikr, Beirut, 1988).
[22] Al-Dinuri, Abu Hanifa Ahmad.
[23] 10. Long News, investigation: Abdel-Moneim Amer, review: Dr. Jamal Al-Din Al-Shayyal (Dar Al-Kitab Al- Arabi Al-Kitab Al-Babi Al-Halabi & Associates, Cairo, 1960).
[24] Ibn Saad, Abu Abdullah Muhammad.
[25] 11. The Great Classes, by: Mohamed Abdel-Qader Atta, (Dar Al-Kutub Al-Alami, Beirut, 1990).
[26] Al-Samani, Abdul Karim bin Mohammed.
[27] 12. Genealogy, investigation: Abd al-Rahman bin Yahya al-Muallami al-Yamani (Council of the Ottoman Encyclopedia, Hyderabad, d., 1962 AD).
[28] Ibn Abd al-Haqq, Safi al-Din.
[29] 13. Observations for access to the names of places and Bekaa, (Dar Al-Jeel, Beirut, 1991).
[30] Ibn Asaker, Abu al-Qasim Ali (d. 571 AH / 1175 CE).
[31] 14. The History of Damascus, Achieved: Amr Bin Faghah Al-Amouri, (Dar Al-Fikr for Printing, Publishing and Distribution, D., 1995).
[32] Al-Tabari, Muhammad bin Jarir.
[33] 15. History of the Apostles and Kings, 2nd edition (Dar Al Turath, Beirut, 1958 AD).
[34] Abu al-Fida, Imad al-Din Ismail.
[35] 16. Al-Mukhtasar in Human News, (Husseinieh Egyptian Press, D., D.T.).
[36] Turquoise, Majd Al-Din Abu Taher.
[37] 17. The surrounding dictionary, investigation: the Office of Heritage Investigation at the Al-Resala Foundation, supervised by: Muhammad Naim Al-Arqsousi, No. 8, (Al-Resala Foundation for Printing, Publishing and Distribution, Beirut, 2005 AD).
[38] Ibn Qutaiba, Abu Muhammad Abdullah.
[39] 18. Poetry and Poets, (Dar Al-Hadith, Cairo, 2002).
[40] 19- Knowledge, investigation: Tharwat Okasha, (Egyptian General Authority for Books, Cairo, D.T.).
[41] Ibn al-Kalbi, Abu al-Mundhir Hisham.
[42] 20. The proportions of infectious and great Yemen, an investigation: Dr. Nagy Hassan, (World of Books, Arab Renaissance Library, D., 1988).
[43] Al-Qurtubi, Abu Omar.
[44] 21. Attention to the Tribes of the Narrators, by: Ibrahim Al-Abyari (Dar Al-Kitab Al-Arabi, Beirut, 1985).
[45] Al-Qazwini, Zakaria Muhammad.
[46] 22. Antiquities of the country and news of the people (Dar Sader, Beirut D.).
[47] Al-Qalqashandi, Abu Al-Abbas.
[48] 23. The End of the Lords in Knowing the Genealogy of the Arabs, (Dar Al-Kutub Al-Alami, Beirut, 1984 AD).
[49] The coolant, Muhammad bin Yazid.
[50] 24. The lineage of Adnan and Qahtan, investigation by: Abdul Aziz Al-Maimani Al-Rajkoti (Press Committee of Authorship, Translation and Publishing, India 1936 AD).
[51] 25. Al-Marzabani, Abu Ubaid Allah.
[52] 26. The Poets Lexicon, Correction and Commentary: Professor Dr. F. Kerenko, 2nd floor, (Al-Qudsi Library, Dar Al-Kutub Al-Alami, Beirut, 1982).
[53] Al-Masoudi, Abu Al-Hassan.
[54] 27. Meadows of Gold and Essence Minerals, taken care of and reviewed by: Kamal Hassan Merhi (Modern Library, Beirut, 2005 AD).
[55] Miskawayh, Abu Ali Ahmed.
[56] 28. Experiences of nations and succession of anxiety, investigation: Abu al-Qasim Imami, 2nd edition, (Soroush, Tehran, 2000 AD).
[57] The astrologer, Isaac bin Al-Hussein.
[58] 29. Akam Al-Murjan mentioning famous cities everywhere (Books World, Beirut, 1987 AD).
[59] Al-Nwairi, Ahmed bin Abdul-Wahab.
[60] 30. The End of the Lord in Literary Arts (House of Books and National Documents, Cairo, 2002).
[61] Al-Yaqoubi, Ahmed bin.
[62] 31. The History of Al-Yaqoubi, (Dar Sader, Beirut, D.T.).
[63] Third: References
[64] Father, Father Albert.
[65] History of the Eastern Church, 2nd edition, (Dr. Mutam, Baghdad, 1985 AD).
[66] Andalusian, Ibn Said.
[67] 2- Rapture in the history of Arab ignorance, (Al-Aqsa Library, Amman, D.T.).
[68] Pro, Tawfiq.
[69] 3- The History of the Ancient Arabs, (Dar Al-Fikr, Damascus, 1996).
[70] Begolfskaya, Nina.
[71] 4- Arabs on the borders of Byzantium and Iran, translated by Salah Al-Din Othman, (Supreme Council for Culture and Arts, Kuwait, 1985 AD).
[72] Gibran, Noman, Al-Thani, Rawda.
[73] 5- Studies in the history of Arabia before Islam, (Hamada Foundation for University Studies, Publishing and Distribution, Jordan, 2011 AD).
[74] Guidi, Ignatius.
[75] 6- Lectures on the history of Yemen and the Arabian Peninsula before Islam, translated and presented to him: Ibrahim Al-Samarrai, (Dar Al-Hadithah for Printing, Publishing and Distribution, Beirut, 1986).
[76] Rustem, Lion.
[77] 7- Roman, their policy, civilization, religion, culture, and their connections to the Arabs (Dar Al Makshouf, Beirut, 1955 AD).
[78] Al-Zubaidi, Muhammad bin Muhammad.
[79] 8- Crown of the bride from the jewels of the dictionary, an investigation: a group of investigators, (Dar Al- Hidaya. D., D.T).
[80] Al-Zarkali, Khair al-Din.
[81] 9 - Al-Alam, 15th edition, (Dar Al-Alam for Millions, D., 2002 AD).
[82] Zidan, Jerji.
[83] 10- Arabs before Islam, investigation: Hussein Moanes, (Dar Al-Hilal, Cairo, D.T.).
[84] Salem, Abdulaziz.
[85] 11 - History of the Arabs before Islam, (University Youth Foundation, Alexandria, 1997 AD).
[86] Saleh, Abdul Aziz.
[87] 12- The History of the Arabian Peninsula in Its Antiquity (The Egyptian Anglo Library, D.D., D.T.).
[88] Al-Ayeb, Salwa Belhadj.
[89] 13- Arab Christianity and its developments from its origins to the fourth century AH / tenth century AD (Dar Al-Taleea, Beirut, 1995).
[90] Al-Akiki, Naguib.
[91] 14- Orientalists, 5th edition, (Dar Al-Maarif, Cairo, 2006).
[92] •Ali Jawad.
[93] 15- Al-Musfal in the History of the Arabs (Dar Al-Saqi, D., 2001).
[94] Mahran, Mohamed Bayoumi.
[95] 16- The History of the Ancient Arabs, 2nd edition, Dar Al-Maarefa Al-Jamiiah (Cairo, 2008).
[96] Al-Taie, Osama Kazem.
[97] 17- Book of the Persian Wars (The.Persiau.Wars) by Procopius of Byzantium, a classic source for the history of the Sassanid state - a critical analytical study, Journal of the College of Education, University of Wasit, No. 25, 2016 AD.
[98] 18- Hisham bin Muhammad Al-Kalbi and his idea of political conditions in the Arabian Peninsula from ancient times to the pre-Islamic era (a critical analytical study), (Al-Tamimi for Publishing and Distribution, Najaf Al-Ashraf, 2013 AD).
[99] Noldke, Theodore
[100]19- History of two Iranians and its Arabs, Dr Zaman Sassanian, translated by Abbas Ziryab (Dr. Mutam, Tehran, 1878 AD). 20- Ghassan Princes, translated by Dr. Constantine Zureik and others (The Catholic Press, Beirut
- 1933 AD).
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
You are free to:
- Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format for any purpose, even commercially.
- Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
- The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.
Under the following terms:
- Attribution — You must give appropriate credit , provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made . You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
- No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
Notices:
You do not have to comply with the license for elements of the material in the public domain or where your use is permitted by an applicable exception or limitation .
No warranties are given. The license may not give you all of the permissions necessary for your intended use. For example, other rights such as publicity, privacy, or moral rights may limit how you use the material.
