Carcinogenic effect of external formula on skin: a clinical study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61841/qn9hmh81Keywords:
cancer, risk factors, household chemicals, detergents, cosmeticsAbstract
There are numerous risk factors for cancer occurrence, including: age, family history, microbial infections, lifestyle and contact with harmful exogenous or endogenous factors associated with touching, eating, drinking, or breathing. The aim of this study was to estimate the potential carcinogenic effect of using some cosmetics and household detergents by cancer patients and to describe their toxic and carcinogenic ability.
Methods: One hundred of cancer patients from Baghdad city were included in the questionnaire during the period from June to September 2019, in which the frequency of using ten different items( external formulas) was investigated. which in contact with the skin.
Results: The results indicated that the most vulnerable age for cancer among the individuals who used to deal with chemicals was the 50s (29%). While the highest rate of cancer was the breast cancer in women (22%), lung and tracheal cancer in men accounted for18% and gut cancers ranked third (14%) in both sexes. Housewives reported the highest number of cancer cases (30%), followed by the group of painters, carpenters, barber and building workers (20%), and finally the group of drivers and oil workers (15%). There was a significant value for the daily use of the selected items, especially powder detergents, liquid cleaning products, , skin moisturizes, and sunblock. However, no significant value appeared when cancer patient used these items weekly or monthly.
Conclusion: The excessive use of chemicals can cause many health disorders, one of them is cancer. Therefore, it is recommended to use alternative and safe products instead of those containing chemicals as much as possible to avoid direct their effects, such as burns, allergies, or cancer at the long term.
Downloads
References
1. Billionnet C., Sherrill D, Annesi M. I. Estimating the health effects of exposure to multi-pollutant mixture. Ann Epidemiol 2012; 22(2):126–141.
2. Gavrilescu M, Demnerova K, Aamand et.al. Emerging pollutants in the environment: present and future challenges in biomonitoring, ecological risks and bioremediation. New Biotechnol . 2015; 32(1):147–156. doi:10.1016/j.nbt.2014.01. 001
3. Sebastien A., Isabelle S., Bjørn M, Freddie B & Jacques F An assessment of GLOBOCAN methods for deriving national estimates of cancer incidence Bulletin of the
World Health Organization; 2016 94:174-184. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.2471/BLT.15.164384
4. Kauppinen T, Toikkanen J, Pedersen D, et al. Occupational exposure to carcinogens in the European Union. Occup Environ Med 2000; 57:10–18.
5. Kulhánováa, I, Braya F, Fadhil I et.al. Profile of cancer in the Eastern Mediterranean region: The need for action Cancer Epidemiology 2017;47(3):125-132
6 - Vedel-Krogh, S.; Nielsen, SF.; Schnohr, P.et.al. Morbidity and Mortality in 7,684 Women According to Personal Hair Dye Use: The Copenhagen City Heart Study followed for 37 Years
.PLOS ONE, 2016;11(3):e0151636 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0151636
7- Khunger N., Molpariya A, Khunger A. Complications of tattoos and tattoo removal: stop and think before you ink. Journal of cutaneous and aesthetic surgery 2015; 8 (1): 30–36
8. Burnett Ch. L., Bergfeld WF. , Belsito DV Final Amended Report of the Safety Assessment of Toluene-2,5-Diamine, Toluene-2,5-Diamine Sulfate, and Toluene-3,4-Diamine as Used in Cosmetics International Journal of Toxicology 2010; 29(2): 61S-83S
9. Rajveer K, Gurjot KM, Shweta R et.al. Pesticides Classification and its Impact on Environment, International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 2019:8(3): 1889-1897
10. Bojassim AA., Al-gazaly HH, O Bide E S. “Natural Radioactive Contamination in Shampoo and Dishwashing Samples Used in Iraq by NaI (Tl) Detector” Asian Journal of Chemistry (2016); 28(10):2173-2176
11. Dimitroulopoulou C, Trantallidi, M, Carrer P, Efthimiou, GC ,. Bartzis JG, EPHECT II. Exposure assessment to household consumer products. Sci. Total Environ. 2015; 536(12): 890-902.
12. Simpson E, Dutronc Y. A new body moisturizer increases skin hydration and improves atopic dermatitis symptoms among children and adults. J Drugs Dermatol. 2011;10(7):744-749.
13. Basketter DA, English JSC, Wakelin SH. Enzymes, detergents and skin: facts and fantasies British Journal of Dermatology 2008; 158, (6): 1177-1181
14. Subramaniam VD, Prasad SV,
Banerjee A. et. al. 2018 Health hazards of nanoparticles: understanding the toxicity mechanism of nanosized ZnO in cosmetic products. Drug and Chemical Toxicology 2019;42( 1) : 84-93
15. Tokumura M, Seo M, Wang Q, Miyake Y, Amagai T, Makino M. Dermal exposure to plasticizers in nail polishes: An alternative major exposure pathway of phosphorus-based compounds, Chemosphere 2019; 226(7) : 316-320
16. Hussain LM, Shamsaldin AN, Al-Ghazi M. et.al Board-certified specialty training program in radiation oncology in a war-torn country: Challenges, solutions and outcomes Clinical and Translational Radiation Oncology 2019;19(11): 46-51
17. Salih NY, Al-Azzawi MNA. Human Health Risk Assessment of Trihalomethane through MultiPathway Exposure from Drinking Water of Baghdad, Iraq J. Int. Environmental Application & Science 2016;11(3): 294-302
18. Chaichan MT, Kazem HA, Abed TA Traffic and outdoor air pollution levels near highways in Baghdad, Iraq, Environment, Development and Sustainability 2018;20(12) :589–603
19. Smith RA, Andrews KS, Brooks D et. al. Cancer Screening in the United States, 2019: A Review of Current American Cancer Society Guidelines and Current Issues in Cancer Screening , CA Cancer J Clin 2019;69(3): 184-210.
20. Saitta, P , Cook CE., Messina, JL et.al. Is There a True Concern Regarding the Use of Hair Dye and Malignancy Development? A Review of the Epidemiological Evidence Relating Personal Hair Dye Use to the Risk of Malignancy. Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic Dermatology, 20136(1), pp 39–46.
21. Alabbody HH , Al- Nasiry BS, Kadhim KhH. Applying food frequency questionnaire to evaluate the dietary pattern and life style on women with breast cancer J Fac Med Baghdad, 2018;60 (.2), 119-125
22- Bernstein H, Payne CM, Bernstein C, Garewal H, Dvorak K. editors: Honoka Kimura and Aoi Suzuki Nova Science Publishers, Inc., New York, Cancer and aging as consequences of unrepaired DNA damage. In: New Research on DNA Damages;2008.Chapter 1, pp. 1-47
23. Li Ch, Zhang K, Chen J, Chen L, Wang R, Chu X. MicroRNAs as regulators and mediators of forkhead box transcription factors function in human cancers, Oncotarget 2017; 8(7): 12433–12450
24- Blair A, Cantor K, Hoar-Zahm S. Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma and agricultural use of the insecticide lindane. Am J Ind Med 1998;33:82–7.
25- Zahm S, Weisenburger D, Saal R, et al. The role of agricultural pesticide use in the development of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma in women. Arch Environ Health 1993;48(5):353-8
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
You are free to:
- Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format for any purpose, even commercially.
- Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
- The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.
Under the following terms:
- Attribution — You must give appropriate credit , provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made . You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
- No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
Notices:
You do not have to comply with the license for elements of the material in the public domain or where your use is permitted by an applicable exception or limitation .
No warranties are given. The license may not give you all of the permissions necessary for your intended use. For example, other rights such as publicity, privacy, or moral rights may limit how you use the material.
