PREVALENCE OF FURCATION INVOLVEMENT IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS VISITING DENTAL COLLEGE- RETROSPECTIVE STUDY
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61841/qd18g716Keywords:
Furcation, Periodontal patients, Probing depth.Abstract
The aim of the study is to assess the furcation involvement among chronic periodontitis patients visiting dental college. It was a retrospective study of patients reported to Saveetha Dental College And Hospitals, with periodontitis. Data was obtained by evaluating 86000 patients records. Out of which 72 patients with chronic periodontitis were evaluated in this study. Data extraction was done and was segregated based on demographic data age and gender. The periodontal parameters namely clinical attachment loss, probing depth and furcation involvement based on Glickman's classification were recorded. The data were collected and entered in the excel sheet. After data collection descriptive and inferential statistical analysis was done in IBM SPSS software version 20. This study shows that the most prevalent age group with furcation involvement in chronic periodontitis was 46-55 years. Males were more commonly affected than females. Prevalence of furcation involvement was found to be more in maxillary molar than in the mandibular molar. The most prevalent grade of furcation involved in the maxillary first molar is grade II. The association between the grade of furcation with age and gender was found to be statistically significant.
Downloads
References
1. Sánchez-Pérez A, Moya-Villaescusa MJ. Periodontal disease affecting tooth furcations. A review of the
treatments available. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2009 Oct 1;14(10):e554–7.
2. Varghese SS, Thomas H, Jayakumar ND, Sankari M, Lakshmanan R. Estimation of salivary tumor
necrosis factor-alpha in chronic and aggressive periodontitis patients. Contemp Clin Dent. 2015
Sep;6(Suppl 1):S152–6.
3. Gajendran PL, Parthasarathy H, Tadepalli A. Comparative evaluation of cathepsin K levels in gingival
crevicular fluid among smoking and nonsmoking patients with chronic periodontitis. Indian J Dent Res.
2018 Sep;29(5):588–93.
4. Bakutra G, Chandran S, Vishnoi S, Nadig P, Raval R. Prevalence, Extension and Severity Associated Risk
Factors Associated with Furcation Involvement in an Adult Population. An Epidemiological Study. Acta
Scientific Dental Sciences (ISSN: 2581-4893) [Internet]. 2018;2(9). Available from:
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Shivlal_Vishnoi/publication/327435372_Prevalence_Extension_and
_Severity_Associated_Risk_Factors_Associated_with_Furcation_Involvement_in_an_Adult_Population_
An_Epidemiological_Study/links/5b8f6c4945851540d1c9d5e9/Prevalence-Extension-and-SeverityAssociated-Risk-Factors-Associated-with-Furcation-Involvement-in-an-Adult-Population-AnEpidemiological-Study.pdf
5. Carranza FA, Takei HH, Newman MG. Clinical periodontology 10th ed. St Louis: WB Saunders.
2006;137–43.
6. Ruiz EF, Martínez AB. Periodontal diseases as bacterial infection. Avances en periodoncia e
implantologia Oral. 2005;17(3):111–8.
7. Priyanka S, Kaarthikeyan G, Nadathur JD, Mohanraj A, Kavarthapu A. Detection of cytomegalovirus,
Epstein-Barr virus, and Torque Teno virus in subgingival and atheromatous plaques of cardiac patients
with chronic periodontitis. J Indian Soc Periodontol. 2017 Nov;21(6):456–60.
8. Bhusari P, Sugandhi A, Belludi SA, Khan S. Prevalence of enamel projections and its co-relation with
furcation involvement in maxillary and mandibular molars: A study on dry skull. J Indian Soc
Periodontol. 2013 Sep;17(5):601–4.
9. Ramfjord SP, Caffesse RG, Morrison EC, Hill RW, Kerry GJ, Appleberry EA, et al. 4 modalities of
periodontal treatment compared over 5 years. J Clin Periodontol. 1987 Sep;14(8):445–52.
10. Mootha A, Malaiappan S, Jayakumar ND, Varghese SS, Toby Thomas J. The Effect of Periodontitis on
Expression of Interleukin-21: A Systematic Review. Int J Inflam [Internet]. 2016 Feb 22 [cited 2020 Jun
3];2016. Available from: https://www.hindawi.com/journals/iji/2016/3507503/abs/
11. Khalid W, Vargheese SS, Lakshmanan R, Sankari M, Jayakumar ND. Role of endothelin-1 in periodontal
diseases: A structured review. Indian J Dent Res. 2016 May;27(3):323–33.
12. Khalid W, Varghese SS, Sankari M, Jayakumar ND. Comparison of Serum Levels of Endothelin-1 in
Chronic Periodontitis Patients Before and After Treatment. J Clin Diagn Res. 2017 Apr;11(4):ZC78–81.
13. Ramesh A, Varghese SS, Jayakumar ND, Malaiappan S. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and
periodontitis--unwinding their linking mechanisms. J Oral Biosci. 2016;58(1):23–6.
14. Batra P, Das S, Jain S. Correlation of radiovisuographic analysis of interdental and interradicular bone
loss in furcation involvement of mandibular first molars: A retrospective study. Indian J Dent Res. 2018
May;29(3):329–32.
15. Papapanou PN, Tonetti MS. Diagnosis and epidemiology of periodontal osseous lesions [Internet]. Vol.
22, Periodontology 2000. 2000. p. 8–21. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-
0757.2000.2220102.x
16. Bower RC. Furcation Morphology Relative to Periodontal Treatment: Furcation Entrance Architecture
[Internet]. Vol. 50, Journal of Periodontology. 1979. p. 23–7. Available from:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1902/jop.1979.50.1.23
17. Wood WR, Greco GW, McFall WT Jr. Tooth Loss in Patients With Moderate Periodontitis After
Treatment and Long–Term Maintenance Care. J Periodontol. 1989 Sep;60(9):516–20.
18. Ramesh A, Ravi S, Kaarthikeyan G. Comprehensive rehabilitation using dental implants in generalized
aggressive periodontitis. J Indian Soc Periodontol. 2017 Mar;21(2):160–3.
19. Kavarthapu A, Thamaraiselvan M. Assessing the variation in course and position of inferior alveolar
nerve among south Indian population: A cone beam computed tomographic study. Indian J Dent Res.
2018 Jul;29(4):405–9.
20. Ramesh A, Varghese SS, Doraiswamy JN, Malaiappan S. Herbs as an antioxidant arsenal for periodontal
diseases. J Intercult Ethnopharmacol. 2016 Jan;5(1):92–6.
21. Thamaraiselvan M, Elavarasu S, Thangakumaran S, Gadagi JS, Arthie T. Comparative clinical evaluation
of coronally advanced flap with or without platelet rich fibrin membrane in the treatment of isolated
gingival recession. J Indian Soc Periodontol. 2015 Jan;19(1):66–71.
22. Avinash K, Malaippan S, Dooraiswamy JN. Methods of Isolation and Characterization of Stem Cells from
Different Regions of Oral Cavity Using Markers: A Systematic Review. Int J Stem Cells. 2017 May
30;10(1):12–20.
23. Panda S, Jayakumar ND, Sankari M, Varghese SS, Kumar DS. Platelet rich fibrin and xenograft in
treatment of intrabony defect. Contemp Clin Dent. 2014 Oct;5(4):550–4.
24. Ravi S, Malaiappan S, Varghese S, Jayakumar ND, Prakasam G. Additive Effect of Plasma Rich in
Growth Factors With Guided Tissue Regeneration in Treatment of Intrabony Defects in Patients With
Chronic Periodontitis: A Split-Mouth Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. J Periodontol.
2017;88(9):839–45.
25. Ramesh A, Vellayappan R, Ravi S, Gurumoorthy K. Esthetic lip repositioning: A cosmetic approach for
correction of gummy smile - A case series. J Indian Soc Periodontol. 2019 May;23(3):290–4.
26. Svardstrom G, Wennstrom JL. Furcation topography of the maxillary and mandibular first molars
[Internet]. Vol. 15, Journal of Clinical Periodontology. 1988. p. 271–5. Available from:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-051x.1988.tb01583.x
27. Borrell LN, Burt BA, Gillespie BW, Lynch J, Neighbors H. Periodontitis in the United States: beyond
black and white. J Public Health Dent. 2002 Spring;62(2):92–101.
28. Farhat Yaasmeen Sadique Basha , Rajeshkumar S , Lakshmi T ,Anti-inflammatory activity of Myristica
fragrans extract . Int. J. Res. Pharm. Sci., 2019 ;10(4), 3118-3120 DOI:
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
You are free to:
- Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format for any purpose, even commercially.
- Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
- The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.
Under the following terms:
- Attribution — You must give appropriate credit , provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made . You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
- No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
Notices:
You do not have to comply with the license for elements of the material in the public domain or where your use is permitted by an applicable exception or limitation .
No warranties are given. The license may not give you all of the permissions necessary for your intended use. For example, other rights such as publicity, privacy, or moral rights may limit how you use the material.