Curitiba practice in implementing BRT as a sustainable urban transportation system &its Application in the City of Baghdad
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61841/nwpbjx27Keywords:
Sustainable Development, Sustainable Urban Transportation, BRT TransportationAbstract
The human need for transportation has existed from the dawn of time, and its subject was connected to man's constant movement as he traveled from one location to another in search of life's necessities. Over the years, economic and industrial development faced by the world's cities in general, including Arab countries, has led to the presence of many urban problems, including public transport issues, often reflected in their visual and audible forms in busy and noisy roads, traffic blockage, waste, and environmental pollution. Through this, the need arose for the existence of many systems and means for social, economic, and political life issues within these cities, including transportation and transportation systems, which are considered to be a vital cause to insure stable urban cities throughout the numerous cities around the globe, who consider the transportation segment to be playing an important role for every developed and developing country at the cultural, economic, social, and urban levels. Sustainable transportation systems are a keystone for the economical success and wealth of countries. in addition to their important role in fighting climate change in the world by dropping the level of air pollution, especially in the crowded metropolitan cities that are extended in growth at a high pace, in particular in the developing countries. Curitiba in Brazil is considered to be the first city in the world to implement a successful (BRT) bus rapid transit system; then many cities in different countries around the world imitated this system since it proved to be a very successful mode of public transport. In this research the main goal is to find the accessibility of implementing this model of public transport in the cities of Iraq in general and the capital of Baghdad in particular .
Downloads
References
1- Katarzyna Cheba and Sebastian Saniuk , Sustainable urban transport—the concept of
measurement in the field of city logistics, Transportation Research Procedia, 16 (2016) 35 –
45. 2nd International Conference "Green Cities - Green Logistics for Greener Cities, 2-3 March
2016, Szczecin, Poland
2- Attard, M. and Shiftan, Y. (2015), "Sustainable Urban Transport – An Introduction," Sustainable
Urban Transport (Transport and Sustainability, Vol. 7), Emerald Group Publishing Limited, pp.
xv-xxvi.
3- May A., D. (2013). Urban Transport and Sustainability: The Key Challenges
International Journal of Sustainable Transportation, Volume 7, 2013 - Issue 3
4-May A., D. (2015). Encouraging good practice in the development of Sustainable Urban
Mobility Plans. Case Studies on Transport Policy 3/1, 311.
5-Munoz JC., Paget-Seekins L., (2015) Restructuring Public Transport through Bus Rapid Transit:
An international and interdisciplinary perspective. Policy Press.
6-Leda, H. (ed.) (2010). Sustainable Urban Transport in an Asian Context. cSUR-UT Series:
Library for Sustainable Urban Regeneration, Volume 9. Springer, Tokyo.
7-David Banister. Sustainable urban development and transport—-a Eurovision for 2020, Pages 113-
130 | Published online: 26 Nov 2010
8-De Gruyter, C., Currie, G., and Rose, G. (2017). Sustainability Measures of Urban Public Transport in Cities: A World Review and Focus on the Asia/Middle East Region. Sustainability, Vol. 9, No. 43, pp. 1-21.
9-Henrik Gudmundsson and Madan B. Regmi, (2017). Developing The Sustainable Urban Transport Index, Transport and Communications Bulletin for Asia and the Pacific No. 87, 2017
10- Bahador Ghadirifaraz, B. Manouchehr Vaziri, Amirmohammad Safa, Neda Barikrou (2017) A Statistical Appraisal of Bus Rapid Transit Based on Passenger Satisfaction and Priority Case Study: Isfahan City, Iran, Proceedings of Transportation Research Board th Annual Meeting,
Washington, DC
11- Salavati, A. & Haghshenas, H. (2016) Applying AHP and Clustering Approaches for Public
Transportation Decisionmaking: A Case Study of Isfahan City, Journal of Public Transportation,
Vol. 19, No. 4.
12. Anthony May & Gregory Marsden (2012), Urban transport and mobility.
International Transport Forum, 2010, PDF, p. 19. www.Internationalforum.org date: 12/06/2012
13-—The Future of Exclusive Busways—the Brazilian Experience, Smith and Hensher, Institute of
Transport Studies, University of Sydney, Australia, Transport Review 1998, vol. 18, no. 2.
14-Munoz JC., Paget-Seekins L., (2015) Restructuring Public Transport through Bus Rapid
Transit: An international and interdisciplinary perspective. Policy Press.
15-Joseph Goodman, Melissa Laube, and Judith Schwenk. 2007. Moving the Movement for
Transportation Justice, Vol. 12 No. 1, Spring 2007
race, poverty & the environment | winter 2005/2006
16-—Saeed, Alaa Hameed, (2011)―Future Prospects for the Development of Bab Al-Moazam Area‖,
unpublished Master Thesis, Center for Urban and Regional Planning, University of Baghdad,
17-Karis B., McCartney K., Veilleux J., Yannes C., Curitiba, Brazil, Transportation Case Study,
2006, s. 12. http://www.engr.uconn.edu/~garrick/ce255/2006/Curitiba_1.pdf [dostęp: 10.09.16].
18-Duarte F., Ultramari C., Making Public Transport and Housing Match: Accomplishments and
Failures of Curitiba’s BRT. „Journal of Urban Planning and
Development Volume 138, Issue 2‖, 2011, s. 184.
19-Goodman J., Laube M., Schwenk J., Curitiba‘s Bus System is Model for Rapid
Transit, „Race, Poverty & the Environment, Zima 2005/2006‖, s.76.
20-Aleksander Jagiełło.(2017) The role of the Bus Rapid Transit in public transport. Transportation
Overview - Przegląd Komunikacyjny,
21-Innovative Urban Transportation in Curitiba — A Successful Challenge to Conventional Wisdom, Santoro and Leitmann, LACTD Regional Study, May 1996.
22- Innovative Land Use and Transport Policy, The Case of Curitiba, J. Rabinovitch, Land Use Policy, Vol 13, No 1 (0264-8377(95)00023-2) 1996.
23- Yassin B., Falih M., Muhaisen M. (2019). The components of public transport systems operating in cities. Planned and Development Journal, Issue (39) University of Baghdad
24-—Goodman et al. (2007), ―Curitiba’s Bus System is Model for Rapid Transit‖, http://urbanhabitat.org/node/344
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2020 AUTHOR
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
You are free to:
- Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format for any purpose, even commercially.
- Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
- The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.
Under the following terms:
- Attribution — You must give appropriate credit , provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made . You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
- No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
Notices:
You do not have to comply with the license for elements of the material in the public domain or where your use is permitted by an applicable exception or limitation .
No warranties are given. The license may not give you all of the permissions necessary for your intended use. For example, other rights such as publicity, privacy, or moral rights may limit how you use the material.
