The Impact of Prepare-Enrich Program based on Distance Learning on Marital Satisfaction among Newly-wed Couples: The role of Demographic Factors
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61841/3p8gm296Keywords:
Marital satisfaction,, marriage enrichment- distance learning,, -demographic factors, newly-wed couplesAbstract
Modern methods have less been considered in couples’ learning and their needs in practice. Thus, the present study aimed at determining the impact of marriage enrichment through distance learning in marital satisfaction of newly-wed couples with an emphasis on the role of demographic factors. The present study is experimental. The population were selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria through simple random sampling (N=80couple) and were placed randomly into experimental (N=40couple) and control (N=40couple) group. The intervention was conducted as distance for 12 weeks. The data were collected by Enrich couple scale and demographic information questionnaire. Data analysis was performed by descriptive statistics, Independent t-test, ANCOVA, and MANCOVA. The results showed a significant difference between the two groups in terms of marital satisfaction after intervention (P<0.05). In addition, the effect of intervention was significant in terms of gender, ethnicity, age difference with spouse, duration of engagement, marriage type, and job (P<0.05) although it was not significant in terms of age, education, and economic status of couples (P>0.05). Distance intervention improved the level of marital satisfaction in couples but the effect of this intervention based on demographic factors was different. Thus, it seems that the intervening variables such as demographic factors should be always considered in designing the educational interventions.
Keywords-,
Downloads
References
• Ahmadi KH, Ashrafi SN, Kimiaei SA, Afzali MH. Effect of Problem-Solving on Marital Satisfaction. Journal of applied sciences. 2010 Mar 12;10.
• Ellis A. My current views on rational-emotive therapy (RET) and religiousness. Journal of Rational-Emotive and Cognitive-Behavior Therapy. 1992 Mar 1;10(1):37-40.
• Trudel G, Boyer R, Villeneuve V, Anderson A, Pilon G, Bounader J. The marital life and aging well program: effects of a group preventive intervention on the marital and sexual functioning of retired couples. Sexual and Relationship Therapy. 2008 Feb 1;23(1):5-23.
• Abbasi MA, Dehghani MO, Mazaheri MA, Ansarinejad F, Fadaie Z. Trend analysis of changes in marital satisfaction and related dimensions across family life Cycle. Journal of Family Research. 2010 Jan 1;6(1):5-22.
• Harway M, editor. Handbook of couples therapy. John Wiley & Sons; 2005.
• Gladding ST. Family therapy: History, theory, and practice. Pearson; 2015 Mar 18.
• Bowling TK, Hill CM, Jencius M. An overview of marriage enrichment. The Family Journal. 2005 Jan;13(1):87-94.
• Olson DH, Olson AK, Larson PJ. Prepare-Enrich program: Overview and new discoveries about couples. Journal of Family & Community Ministries. 2012;25:30-44.
• Pourmohseni KF, Allayari A, Fathi AA, Azadfallah P, Ahmadi F. Effectiveness of Marital Enrichment Programs on Couple’s Marital Satisfaction. Journal of Clinical Psychology. 2011; 3(1):27-37.
• Futris TG, Barton AW, Aholou TM, Seponski DM. The impact of PREPARE on engaged couples: Variations by delivery format. Journal of Couple & Relationship Therapy. 2011 Jan 24;10(1):69-86.
• Ghasemi MK, Bahmani B, Asgari A. Effectiveness of group education of marital enrichment program (Olson Style) on improvemnet of married womens satisfaction. Clinical Psychology & Personality. 2013; 20(8): 1-10. [In Persian]
• Ebrahimi P, Sanei Zakir B, Nazari AH. Investigating the effect of communication enrichment training on increasing intimacy of both employed couples. Scientific Journal of Medical University of Medical Sciences. 2011; 16(4): 37-43.
• Akbari K. The Effectiveness of Olson's Enrichment Group Education on Marital Satisfaction and Hope to Improve Marital Relationship of Women Referring to Consultation Centers and Their Indirect Impact on Their Wives . Master's Thesis. Faculty of Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences Iran. 2011. [In Persian]
• Torkashvand R, Aminshokravii F. The Effect of Multidisciplinary Consulting Approach on Marital Satisfaction of Couples Applying for Divorce in the Family Court of Borujerd. Health Education & Health Promotion. 2015 Dec 1;3(4):63-72.
• Daneshpour M, Asoodeh MH, Khalili S, Lavasani MG, Dadras I. Self described happy couples and factors of successful marriage in Iran. Journal of Systemic Therapies. 2011 Jun;30(2):43-64.
• Johnson R. Effectiveness of PREPARE-ENRICH Group Program for Married Couples. From https://wwwprepare-enrichcom/pe/pdf/research/group_effectiveness_johnsonpdf 2012.
• Olson DH, Miller S. Integrating PREPARE/ENRICH & Couple Communication Programs: A Longitudinal Follow-up Study. 2007; 68(2): 320-31.
• Sepahvand T, Rasoulzadeh-Tabatabaei SK, Besharat MA, Allahyari AA. Comparison of integrated model of self-regulation-attachment couple therapy and marital enrichment program in marital satisfaction and psychological wellbeing of couples. Contemporary Psychol. 2014 Jan 1;9(1):55-70.
• Pouyamanesh C, Ahadi H, Mazaheri, Delaware A. Comparison of the effectiveness of Eliss theory-based interventions by face and face group counseling in increasing marital satisfaction. Behavioral Sciences Research. 2008;6(2):89-96. [In Persian]
• Razmgah P, Mojtahedzadeh R, Borjaliloo S, Mohammadi A. The Effect of Social Network and Short Messages through E-Content on Reducing Negative Thoughts in Women. Interdisciplinary Journal of Virtual Learning in Medical Sciences. 2016;7(4): 1-7.
• Goodarzi M, Ebrahimzadeh I. Impact of distance education via short message service of mobile phone on
metabolic control of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Karaj-Iran. Horizon Med Sci. 2014 Jan 1;19(4):224-34.
• Costa TM, Barbosa BJP, Costa DAG, Sigulem D, Fátima Marin H, Castelo Filho A, et al. Results of a randomized controlled trial to assess the effects of a mobile SMS-based intervention on treatment adherence in HIV/AIDS-infected Brazilian women and impressions and satisfaction with respect to incoming messages. International Journal of Medical Informatics. 2012;81(4):257-69.
• Chaikoolvatana A, Kitiwongsoonthorn U. Evaluation of a computer interactive multimedia program in smoking cessation counseling (CIMPSCC) for pharmacy students. Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand= Chotmaihet thangphaet. 2009 Nov;92(11):1516-23.
• Bagwell EK. Factors influencing marital satisfaction with a specific focus on depression. Senior Honors Theses. 2006 Jan 1:38.
• Curran M, Ogolsky B, Hazen N, Bosch L. Understanding marital conflict 7 years later from prenatal representations of marriage. Family process. 2011 Jun 1;50(2):221-34.
• Mathews M. A study of factors contributing to marital satisfaction 2002. Dissertation submitted in partial fulfil/ment of the requirements for the degree of Masters in Counseling Psychology in the Department of Psychology, University of Zululand.
• Dillaway H, Broman C. Race, class, and gender differences in marital satisfaction and divisions of household labor among dual-earner couples: A case for intersectional analysis. Journal of Family Issues. 2001 Apr;22(3):309-27.
• Zarandi A. The Relationship between Attachment Styles and Marital Satisfaction of Couples: Master's Thesis, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran/Iran; 2012. [In Persian]
• Lehrer EL. Age at marriage and marital instability: revisiting the Becker–Landes–Michael hypothesis. Journal of Population Economics. 2008 Apr 1; 21(2):463-84.
• Bahrami, Khazaei K. Cultural Differences and Its Influence on Marital Relationships. Cultural Engineering. 2014; 8 (76): 189-202. [In Persian]
• Wheeler LA, Updegraff KA, Thayer SM. Conflict Resolution in Mexican‐Origin Couples: Culture, Gender, and Marital Quality. Journal of Marriage and Family. 2010 Aug 1;72(4):991-1005.
• Hossein Dukht A, Fathi Ashtiani A, Taghizadeh M. The relationship between Spiritual Intelligence and Spiritual Well-being with Quality of Life and Marital Satisfaction. Psychology and Religion. 2014; 6 (2): 57-74. [In Persian]
• Groot W, Van Den Brink HM. Age and education differences in marriages and their effects on life satisfaction. Journal of Happiness Studies. 2002 Jun 1;3(2):153-65..
• Jose O, Alfons V. Do demographics affect marital satisfaction?. Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy. 2007 Jan 1;33(1):73-85.
• Sayadpour Z. Successful marriage: study of marital satisfaction in student. Ravanshensi Tahavoli. 2005;1(2):1-4..
• Allen WD, Olson DH. Five types of African‐American marriages. Journal of Marital and Family Therapy.
2001 Jul 1;27(3):301-14.
• Dejkam M. Marriage Psychology (secrets about marriage that young girls and boys need to know). Tehran/Iran: Publishing House of Science.2011.
• Jederi J. et al. "Investigating the relationship between marital satisfaction based on religious criteria and demographic factors of education, duration of marriage, age of marriage and age difference", psychology and religion. 2010; 1 (5).
• Bani Fatemi H, Taheri Timurlouei T. Determination of socio-cultural factors related to marital satisfaction among married women in Azarshahr. Sociology. 2010; 1 (2): 7-29.
• Alder ES. Age, education level, and length of courtship in relation to marital satisfaction. 2010. (Master's thesis, Pacific University). Retrieved from:http://commons.pacificu.edu/spp/145.
• Hansen SR. Courtship duration as a correlate of marital satisfaction and stability.2006. Thesis (Ph.D.). Alliant International University, California School of Professional Psychology, San Diego.
• Zainah AZ, Nasir R, Hashim RS, Yusof NM. Effects of demographic variables on marital satisfaction. Asian Social Science. 2012 Jun 29;8(9):46.
• Dakin J, Wampler R. Money doesn't buy happiness, but it helps: Marital satisfaction, psychological distress, and demographic differences between low-and middle-income clinic couples. The American Journal of Family Therapy. 2008 Jul 2;36(4):300-11.
• Winslow‐Bowe S. The persistence of wives’ income advantage. Journal of Marriage and Family. 2006 Nov 1;68(4):824-42.
• Munsch CL. Her support, his support: Money, masculinity, and marital infidelity. American Sociological Review. 2015 Jun;80(3):469-95.
• Soleimani, Ali; Mehrzad Farahati; Maryam Seyedi and Mansoureh Taheri, 2011, The Effect of Traditional-Modern Marriage on Marital Satisfaction of Couples, Second National Seminar on Psychology - Family Psychology, Marvdasht, Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht Branch, https: // www. civilica.com/Paper-NCPSY02-NCPSY02_097.html
• Faryabi Z, MahmudAbadi H. Comparative Study OF Marital Adaptation, Happiness and Divorce Inclination in Traditional and Non-Traditional Marriages. Toloo-E- Behdasht. 2015; 14 (3): 83-94.
• Rhoades GK, Stanley SM, Markman HJ. The pre-engagement cohabitation effect: A replication and extension of previous findings. Journal of family psychology. 2009 Feb;23(1):107.
• Hunt JM. A" cohabitation Effect"?: Cohabitation, Parental Divorce, and Marital Success (Doctoral dissertation, Ohio State University).: The Ohio State University; 2009
• Mazaheri A, Sadeghi M, Nasrabadi L, Ansari Nejad F, Abbasi M. Relationship of styles of marriage with the quality and sustainability of marriage. Culture strategy 2009; 5 (3): 55-71.
• Rebello K, Junior MD, Brito RC. Fundamental factors in marital satisfaction: An assessment of Brazilian couples. Psychology. 2014 May 8;5(07):777.
• Angusamy A, Kuppusamy J, Anantharaman R, Syafiqah S. Study on marital satisfaction among Malaysian women. International Journal for Studies on Children, Women, Elderly and Disabled. 2017 Jan;1.
• Musick K, Brand JE, Davis D. Variation in the relationship between education and marriage: Marriage market mismatch?. Journal of Marriage and Family. 2012 Feb 1;74(1):53-69.
• Nasir R. Job Satisfaction, Job Performance and Marital Satisfaction among Dual-worker Malay Couples. International Journal of Interdisciplinary Social Sciences. 2010 May 1;5(3).
• Demirel H, Erdamar GK. Examining the relationship between job satisfaction and family ties of Turkish primary school teachers. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences. 2009 Jan 1;1(1):2211-7.
• Tazekand EF, Nafar N, Keramati R. The relationship between marital satisfaction and job satisfaction among employees of Social Welfare Organization at Tehran Branches. Life Science Journal. 2013;10(6):804-12.
• Nazari AM, Fathi R, Asadi M. The relationship between job satisfaction and demographic characteristics and marital satisfaction in male and female teachers in secondary schools of Dehdasht. Woman and family studies. 2013;5(18):145–55 [In Persian]
• Colón-de LM, Acevedo LF, Céspedes-Gómez WR. Marital and job satisfaction among non-resident physicians at a Hispanic academic medical center, 2006-2007. Boletin de la Asociacion Medica de Puerto Rico. 2009;101(1):36-41.
• S. Mahendran, R. Benita, S. Nandhini and J. Nandhitha. "Fault Detection in Power Transmission Line." International Journal of Communication and Computer Technologies 5 (2017), 46-47. doi:10.31838/ijccts/05.02.02
• Gawda, B., Szepietowska, E.Impact of unconscious emotional schemata on verbal fluency - Sex differences and neural mechanisms(2013) NeuroQuantology, 11 (3), pp. 443-450.
• Globus, G.Bohr, Heidegger, the unspeakable and dis-closure: An exercise in quantum neurophilosophy(2013) NeuroQuantology, 11 (2), pp. 171-180.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
You are free to:
- Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format for any purpose, even commercially.
- Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
- The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.
Under the following terms:
- Attribution — You must give appropriate credit , provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made . You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
- No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
Notices:
You do not have to comply with the license for elements of the material in the public domain or where your use is permitted by an applicable exception or limitation .
No warranties are given. The license may not give you all of the permissions necessary for your intended use. For example, other rights such as publicity, privacy, or moral rights may limit how you use the material.
