Western and Indigenous Conceptualizations of Self, Depression, and its Healing
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61841/5b684s51Keywords:
cross cultural aspects of depression,, Indigenous and Western self-concept, Culturally congruent therapy, Etic and emic concepts of depressionAbstract
Taking a comparative, cross -cultural perspective, this paper examines indigenous and western conceptualizations of de- pression and its healing, in relation to Indigenous and Western concepts of self and selfhood. What emerges from the re- view of relevant literature from anthropology, cultural psychiatry as well as cultural psychology is that the concept of an extended self, which is seemingly common to many Indigenous cultures, is reflected in the presentation of depression and in the way in which its healing is conceptualized in these cultures. Similarly, Western conceptualizations of depression and its treatments reflect Western concepts of the self. The implications for Western mental health researchers and clinicians working with individuals, who identify with Indigenous world views, are discussed
Downloads
References
Bhui, K., King, M., Dein, S., & O’Connor, W. (2008). Ethnicity and religious coping with distress. Journal of Mental Health, 17(2), 141-151.
Brown, A., Scales, U., Beever, W., Rickards, B., Rowley, K. & O’Dea, K. (2012). Exploring the expression of depression and distress in aboriginal men in central Australia: A qualitative study. BMC Psychiatry, 1, 12:97.
Corsini, R.J., Wedding, D. & Dumont, F. (2008). Current psychotherapies. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.
Dowrick, C., Peveler, R., Katona, C. & Lloyd, H. (2005). Somatic symptoms and depression: diagnostic confusion and clinical neglect. British Journal of General Practice, 55,829-830.
Fabrega, H. Jr. (2009). History of mental illness in India: A cultural psychiatry retrospective. Motilal Banarsidass publish- ers, Delhi: India.
Gone, J. (2008). `So I can be like a whiteman': The cultural psychology of space and place in American Indian mental health. Cultural Psychology, 14(3), 369-399.
Grof, S. (2012). Psychology of the future: Lessons from modern consciousness research. Albany, NY: SUNY Press.
Guarnaccia, P.J., Lewis-Fernandez, R., Martinez, Pincay, I., Shrout, P., Guo, J., Torres, M., Canino, G. & Alegria, M. (2010). Ataque de nervios as a marker of social and psychiatric vulnerability: Results from the NLAAS. International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 56(3), 298-309.
Hays, P. A., & Iwamasa, G. Y. (Eds.) (2006). Culturally Responsive Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy. Washington, D.C.
Hodge, D.R., Limb, G.E. & Cross, T.L. (2009). Moving from colonization toward balance and harmony: A Native Americ- an perspective on wellness. Social Work, 54 (3), 211-219.
Jackson, L.C., Schmutzer, P.A., Wenzel, A., & Tyler, J.D (2004). Applicability of cognitive-behavioral therapy with Amer- ican Indian individuals. Psychotherapy: Theory, research, Practice, Training, 43(4), 506-517.
Jilek, W. (1982). Indian healing: Shamanic ceremonialism in the Pacific Northwest today. Surrey, BC: Hancock House.
Jilek-Aall, L. (1976). The Western psychiatrist and his non-Western clientele: Transcultural experiences of relevance to psychotherapy with Canadian Indian patients.
The Canadian Psychiatric Association Journal, 21(6), 353-359.
Johnson, F. (1985). 'The Western Concept of Self' In A. J. Marsella, G. Devos and F. L. K. Hsu (Eds.), Culture and Self: Asian and Western perspectives (pp.91-138). London: Tavistock.
Kantrowitz, R. & Ballou, R.M. (1992). A feminist critique of cognitive-behavioural therapy. In Brown & Ballou (Eds.),
Personality and psychopathology: Feminist reappraisals (pp.70-87). NY: Guilford.
Kennedy, J. (1967). Nubian Zar ceremonies as psychotherapy. Human Organization, 26 (4), 185-194.
Kirmayer, L. J. (2007). Psychotherapy and the cultural concept of the person. Transcultural Psychiatry, 44(2), 232-257. Kirmayer, L.J., Brass, G.M., & Tait, C.L. (2000). The mental health of Aboriginal peoples: Transformations of identity and
community. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 45(7), 607-616.
Kitayama, S. & Markus, H.R. (1994). Emotion and culture: Studies of mutual influence. Washington, DC: American Psy- chological Association.
Markus, H.R. & Kitayama,S. (1991). Culture and the self: Implications for cognition, emotion and motivation. Psycholo- gical Review, 98(2), 224-253.
Mills, A. & Slobodin, R. (1994). Amerindian rebirth: Reincarnation belief among North American Indians and Inuit.
Toronto, ON: University of Toronto Press.
Morgan, D.L., Slade, M.D., & Morgan,C.M.A. (1997). Aboriginal philopsophy and its impact on health outcomes. Aus- tralia and New Zealand Journal of Public Health, 21 (6), 597-601.
Moylan, C. (2009). Treating depression: Towards an Indigenous psychotherapy. Unpublished doctoral dissertation. James Cook University. Australia.
Okello, E.S. & Ekblad, S. (2006). Lay concepts of depression among the Baganda of Uganda: A pilot study. Transcultural Psychiatry, 43(2), 287-313.
O'Neill, T.D. (1992). “Feeling worthless”: An ethnographic investigation of depression and problem drinking at the Flat- head reservation. Culture, Medicine, and Psychiatry, 16(4), 447–469.
Oyebode. F. (2004). Obituary: Thomas Adeoye Lambo. The Psychiatrist, 28,469.
Patel, V. (1996). Recognition of common mental disorders in primary care in African countries: should "mental" be dropped? The Lancet, 347, 742-744.
Patel, V., Abas, M., Broadhead, J., Todd, C. & Reeler, A. (2001). Depression in developing countries: Lessons from Zimb- abwe. British Medical Journal, 322 (7284), 482-484.
Paykel, E.S. (2008). Basic concepts if depression. Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience, 10(3), 279-289.
Petchkovsky, L. (2000). “Stream of consciousness” and “ownership of thought” Journal of Analytical Psychology, 45 (4), 577-597.
Peters, L. (2007). Tamang Shamans: An ethnopsychiatric study of ecstasy and healing in Nepal. New Delhi: Nirala
Robertson, D. (2010). The philosophy of cognitive-behavioural therapy CBT: Stoic philosophy as rational and cognitive psychotherapy. London: Karnac Books.
Rohricht, F. & Priebe, S. (2006). Effect of body-oriented psychological therapy on negative symptoms in schizophrenia: A randomized controlled trial. Psychological Medicine, 36(5), 669-678.
Seligman, M.E.P. (1975). Helplessness. Sanfrancisco, CA: W.H.Freeman.
Schweder, R. A. & E. J. Bourne (1984). 'Does the concept of the person vary cross-culturally?' In R. A. Schweder & R. A. LeVine (Eds.) Culture Theory: Essays on mind, self and emotion (pp.158-199) Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Sethi, B.B., Nathawat, S.S., & Gupta, S.C. (1973). Depression in India. The Journal of Social Psychology, 91(1), 3-13.
Shannahoff-Khalsa, D.S. (2008). Kundalini Yoga meditation techniques in the treatment of obsessive compulsive and OC spectrum disorders. In: Editor, Albert R. Roberts, A.R (Ed.) Social workers desk reference. Second edition. Chapter 86 (pp. 606-612) New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
Wilson, N.E. & Wilson, D.R. (1987). A review of ethnopsychiatric studies of depression. Jefferson Journal of Psychiatry, 5(1), 41-53.
Yeo, S.S. (2003). Bonding and attachment of Aboriginal children. Child Abuse Review, 12, 292-304.
Yusim, A., Anbarasan, D., Hall, B., Goetz, R., Neugebauer, R., Stewart, T., Abou, J., Castaneda, R. & Ruiz P. (2010). So- ciocultural domains of depression among indigenous populations in Latin America. International Review of Psychiatry, 22 (4), 370-377.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
You are free to:
- Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format for any purpose, even commercially.
- Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
- The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.
Under the following terms:
- Attribution — You must give appropriate credit , provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made . You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
- No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
Notices:
You do not have to comply with the license for elements of the material in the public domain or where your use is permitted by an applicable exception or limitation .
No warranties are given. The license may not give you all of the permissions necessary for your intended use. For example, other rights such as publicity, privacy, or moral rights may limit how you use the material.