Four-Frame Leadership Orientations and Job Performance Amongst Jakarta Working Adults
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61841/qrz4tn17Keywords:
Leadership, job, performance, leader, organizationAbstract
This study examined the differences in leadership orientations on employee job performance in the context of Bolman and Deal’s four-frame leadership theory and highlighted on whether there are any differences with the younger generation. Information for the study was gathered through self-administered questionnaire and nonprobability convenience sampling method. A total of 180 completed and usable questionnaires have been gathered up amongst working adults in Jakarta. The findings revealed that different variables yielded different influences for leadership orientations and job performance in terms of gender, age, marital status, job position, and length of work. In four-frame leadership types, Symbolic Frame has the most significant influence for job performance, compared with Political Frame that has the lightest influences. The regression analysis shows that Structural Frame and Symbolic Frame are the predictors for job performance. This study is important to assist potential leaders to adapt better with Jakarta’s working condition. It is vital for leaders to realize how to increase and maintain good job performance by acknowledging the importance of having different leadership type, which also could help organizations to choose the right leaders or managers that can lead them toward success.
Downloads
References
1. Abraham, J. and Hansson, R. (1995) Successful Aging at Work: An Applied Study of Selection, Optimization,
and Compensation Through Impression Management. The Journals of Gerontology Series B Psychological
Sciences and Social Sciences, [online] 50(2), pp.94-103. Available at:
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/15441029_Successful_Aging_at_Work_An_Applied_Study_of_Selec
tion_Optimization_and_Compensation_Through_Impression_Management [Accessed 19 February 2019].
2. Akgunduz, Y. (2015) The Influence of Self-Esteem and Role Stress on Job Performance in Hotel
Businesses. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, [online] 27(6), pp.1082-1099.
Available at: http://www.emeraldinsight.com/doi/full/10.1108/IJCHM-09-2013-0421 [Accessed 29 February
2019].
3. Bolman, L. and Deal, T. (1991) Leadership and Management Effectiveness: A Multi-Frame, Multi-Sector
Analysis. Human Resource Management, [online] 30(4), pp.509-534. Available at:
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/hrm.3930300406 [Accessed 26 February 2019].
4. Bolman, L. and Deal, T. (1997) Reframing Organizations. [online] Available at:
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/book/10.1002/9781119281856 [Accessed 26 February 2019].
5. Broadbridge, A. (2001) Ageism in Retailing: Myth or Reality?. In: I. Glover and M. Branine. (eds). Ageism in
Work and Employment, 1st Ed. [online] London, p.22. Available at:
https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/e/9781351735711/chapters/10.4324/9781315185972-20 [Accessed 23
February 2019].
6. Brooke, L. and Taylor, P. (2005) Older Workers and Employment: Managing Age Relations. Ageing and Society, [online] 25(03), pp.415-429. Available at: https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/ageing-andsociety/article/older-workers-and-employment-managing-age relations/9CB6054C38A1E6B6DB4488BE713E4C90 [Accessed 19 February 2019].
7. Capowski, G. and Peak, M. (1994) Ageism: The New Diversity Issue. Management Review, [online] 83(10),
pp.10-15. Available at: https://search.proquest.com/docview/206708762/fulltextPDF/A6EE2E9E78B44964PQ/1?accountid=46052
[Accessed 19 February 2019].
8. Choudhary, N., Naqshbandi, M., Philip, P. and Kumar, R. (2017) Employee Job Performance. Journal of Management Development, [online] 36(8), pp.1087-1098. Available at: http://www.emeraldinsight.com/doi/full/10.1108/JMD-10-2016-0195# [Accessed 20 February 2019].
9. Deacon, R. E. and Firebaugh, F. M. (1988) Family Resource Management: Principles and Applications, 2nd Ed. Boston: Allyn& Bacon.
10. Fiedler, F. E., & House, R. J. (1988) Leadership Theory and Research: A Report of Progress. In: Cooper C. L.,
and Robertson I. T. (eds). International Review of Industrial and Organizational Psychology 1988, pp. 73-92.
Oxford, England: John Wiley & Sons.
11. Jacobsen, C. and Andersen, L. (2015) Is Leadership in the Eye of the Beholder? A Study of Intended and
Perceived Leadership Practices and Organizational Performance. Public Administration Review, [online] 75(6),
pp.829-841. Available at: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/puar.12380 [Accessed 18 February
2019].
12. Kanfer, R. and Ackerman, P. (2004) Aging, Adult Development, and Work Motivation. The Academy of
Management Review, [online] 29(3), p.440. Available at:
https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/4170/16e7fb9ee6e8b4e03c48cf55af3c0423e4a9.pdf [Accessed 23 February
2019].
13. Koopmans, L., Bernaards, C., Hildebrandt, V., de Vet, H. and van der Beek, A. (2014) Construct Validity of the
Individual Work Performance Questionnaire. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, [online]
56(3), pp.331-337. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24561507 [Accessed 26 February
2019].
14. Kundu, S., Kumar, S. and Gahlawat, N. (2019) Empowering Leadership and Job Performance: Mediating Role
of Psychological Empowerment. Management Research Review. [online] Available at:
http://www.emeraldinsight.com/doi/full/10.1108/MRR-04-2018-0183 [Accessed 23 February 2019].
15. Kunze, F., Boehm, S. and Bruch, H. (2013) Age, Resistance to Change, and Job Performance. Journal of
Managerial Psychology, [online] 28(7/8), pp.741-760. Available at:
http://www.emeraldinsight.com/doi/full/10.1108/JMP-06-2013-0194 [Accessed 23 February 2019].
16. Lee, J. and Welliver, M. (2018) The Role of Strategic Leadership for Learning on The Relationship Between
Training Opportunities and Salesperson Job Performance and Commitment. European Journal of Training and
Development, [online] 42(9), pp.558-576. Available at:
https://www.emeraldinsight.com/doi/full/10.1108/EJTD-08-2017-0068 [Accessed 18 February 2019].
17. Liu, Z., Cai, Z., Li, J., Shi, S. and Fang, Y. (2013) Leadership Style and Employee Turnover Intentions: A
Social Identity Perspective. Career Development International, [online] 18(3), pp.305-324. Available at:
https://www.emeraldinsight.com/doi/full/10.1108/CDI-09-2012-0087 [Accessed 23 February 2019].
18. Menges, J., Tussing, D., Wihler, A. and Grant, A. (2016) When Job Performance is All Relative: How Family
Motivation Energizes Effort and Compensates for Intrinsic Motivation. Academy of Management Journal,
[online] 60(2), pp.695-719. Available at: https://journals.aom.org/doi/10.5465/amj.2014.0898 [Accessed 28
February 2019].
19. Mochklas, M., Pinaraswati, S. and Setiawan, T. (2018) How Motivation Works, Indonesian Employees in
Foreign Companies?. Sinergi, [online] 8(2). Available at:
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/327918469_HOW_MOTIVATION_WORKS_INDONESIAN_EMPL
OYEES_IN_FOREIGN_COMPANIES [Accessed 18 February 2019].
20. Motowildlo, S. J. (2003) Job Performance. In: Borman, W. C., Ilgen, D. R., &Klimoski, R. J. (eds). Handbook
of Psychology pp. 39-54. Hoboken, New Jersy: Wiley.
21. Ng, T. and Feldman, D. (2008) The Relationship of Age to Ten Dimensions of Job Performance. Journal of
Applied Psychology, [online] 93(2), pp.392-423. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18361640
[Accessed 23 February 2019].
22. Ostroff, C. and Atwater, L. (2003) Does Whom You Work with Matter? Effects of Referent Group Gender and Age Composition on Managers' Compensation. Journal of Applied Psychology, [online] 88(4), pp.725-740. Available at: https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/a6db/0481c2ea0f766e3132acd3ec155b0a7c7091.pdf [Accessed 19 February 2019].
23. Rivai, V. (2004) Performance Appraisal. Jakarta: Raja GrafindoPersada.
24. Sonnentag, S. and Frese, M. (2002) Performance Concepts and Performance Theory. Psychological Management of Individual Performance, [online] 23(1), pp.3-25. Available at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/291062476_Performance_Concepts_and_Performance_Theory [Accessed 1 March 2019].
25. Thompson, M. (2000) Gender, Leadership Orientation, and Effectiveness: Testing the Theoretical Models of
Bolman & Deal and Quinn. Sex Roles, [online] 42(11/12), pp.969-992. Available at: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1023/A:1007032500072 [Accessed 27 February 2019].
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2020 AUTHOR
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
You are free to:
- Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format for any purpose, even commercially.
- Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
- The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.
Under the following terms:
- Attribution — You must give appropriate credit , provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made . You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
- No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
Notices:
You do not have to comply with the license for elements of the material in the public domain or where your use is permitted by an applicable exception or limitation .
No warranties are given. The license may not give you all of the permissions necessary for your intended use. For example, other rights such as publicity, privacy, or moral rights may limit how you use the material.
