A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ANXIETY AMONG HEADACHE PATIENTS: INFLUENCE OF SECONDARY VARIABLES
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61841/q0b8q818Keywords:
Headache, Anxiety, tension, migraine, cluster & psychogenicAbstract
This study is an attempt at assessing the levels of anxiety in headache patients. A total number of 105 patients (50 M + 55 F) have been purposively selected for the study. Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (1959) has been utilized to assess the anxiety in the sample. The results revealed that patients with cluster type were found to have lesser levels of anxiety and tension type had the highest anxiety. Female patients were found to have higher levels of anxiety compared to male patients. As the age increased, the anxiety level also has increased linearly. Patients with lower level of education had higher level of anxiety and vice-versa. Unmarried patients had significantly higher levels of anxiety.
Downloads
References
1. Adams RD, Victor M & Ropper AH (1997). Principles of Neurology. 6th Ed. McGraw Hill Companies
Inc. New York. US.
2. Breslau Naomi, Chilcoat Howard.D, & Andreski, Patricia (1996).Further evidence on the link between
migraine and neuroticism. Neurology. Sep; Vol 47(3): 663-667
3. Cathcart, Stuart & Pritchard, Donald (1998). Relationships between arousal-related moods and episodic
tension-type headache: A biopsychological study. Headache. 1998 Mar; Vol 38(3): 214-221
4. Ebert MH, Loosen PT & Nurcombe B (2000). Current diagnosis & treatment in Psychiatry.
McGraw Hill Companies Inc. New York. US.
5. Egger Helen Link, Angold Adrian & Costello E. Jane (1998). Headaches and psychopathology in
children and adolescents. Journal-of-the-American-Academy-of-Child-and-Adolescent-Psychiatry. Sep;
Vol 37(9): 951-958
6. Evans RW (1997) Diganosis of headache. Drugs Today. 33, 79-93.
7. Hamilton M. (1959). The assessment of anxiety by rating. British Journal of Medical Psychology.
32, 50 –5
8. Ho King Hee, Ong Benjamin K & Lee Soo Chin. (1997). Headache and self-assessed depression
scores in Singapore University undergraduates. Headache. Jan; Vol 37(1): 26-30.
9. International Headache Society (1988). Classical & diagnostic criteria for headache, cranial neuralgias &
facial pain. Cephalalgia Supp –7, 1-96.
10. Jansdottir Gudrun Krist (1997). The relationship between pains and various discomforts in school
children. Childhood:-A-Global-Journal-of-Child-Research.Nov;Vol 4(4): 491- 504.
11. Kentle Robert L. (1997). Elements of neuroticism in relation to headache symptomatology.
Psychological-Reports. Feb; Vol 80(1): 227-235
12. Labbe Elise E, Murphy Lisa & O'Brien Carol. (1997) Psychosocial factors and prediction of headaches in
college adults. Headache. Jan; Vol 37(1): 1-5
13. Leijdekkers Marijke, Passchier Jan, Goudswaard Plona, Menges Laurens & Orlebeke, Jacobus..
(1990) .Migraine patients cognitively impaired? Headache. 1990 May; Vol 30(6): 352-358
14. Martin Paul R. & Seneviratne Hyranthi M (1997).Effects of food deprivation and a stressor on
head pain. Health-Psychology. Jul; Vol 16(4): 310-318
15. Martin Herz, Susanne-Pelley, Smith Mark Scott & McMahon Robert J. (1999) Psychosocial factors
associated with headache in junior high school students. Journal-of-Pediatric-Psychology. Feb;
Vol 24 (1): 13-23.
16. Min Sung Kil, & Lee Byung Ook. (1997). Laterality in somatization. Psychosomatic- Medicine.
May-Jun; Vol 59(3): 236-240
17. Nylander Per Olof, Schlette Paul, Braendstroem Sven & Nilsson Marita. (1996). Migraine:
Temperament and character. Journal-of-Psychiatric-Research. Sep-Oct; Vol 30(5): 359-368
18. Passchier J, de-Boo M., Quaak H & Brienen J.A. (1996). Health-related quality of life of chronic
headache patients is predicted by the emotional component of their pain. Headache. Oct; Vol 36(9):
556-560
19. Sagduyu Afsin & Sahiner Tuerker (1997). Psychiatric disorders in patients with migraine and tensiontype headache. Tuerk-Psikiyatri-Dergisi. Spr; Vol 8(1): 45-49
20. Spierings Egilius L.H.& Van Hoof Marie Jose. (1996) Anxiety and depression in chronic headache
sufferers. Headache-Quarterly. Vol 7(3): 235-238
21. Ukestad Laurie K & Wittrock David A. (1996).Pain perception and coping in female tension headache
sufferers and headache-free controls. Health-Psychology. Jan; Vol 15(1):
22. Zwart JA, Ellertsen B & Bovim G. (1996). Psychosocial factors and MMPI-2 patterns in migraine,
cluster headache, tension-type headache, and cervicogenic headache. New- Trends-inExperimental-and-Clinical-Psychiatry. Jul-Sep; Vol 12(3): 167-174.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
You are free to:
- Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format for any purpose, even commercially.
- Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
- The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.
Under the following terms:
- Attribution — You must give appropriate credit , provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made . You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
- No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
Notices:
You do not have to comply with the license for elements of the material in the public domain or where your use is permitted by an applicable exception or limitation .
No warranties are given. The license may not give you all of the permissions necessary for your intended use. For example, other rights such as publicity, privacy, or moral rights may limit how you use the material.
