EVALUATING THE IMPACT OF VITAMIN C ON ORAL HEALTH- A RANDOMISED CONTROL TRIAL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61841/be3sqm61Keywords:
Enamel Erosion, Gingivitis, Periodontitis, Scurvy, Vitamin CAbstract
Background: Oral health is an integral part of overall health. Nutrition plays an important role in maintaining oral and hence general health. Vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid, is a water-soluble vitamin that plays an important role in maintaining periodontal and oral health. However, excessive intake of vitamin C leads to detrimental oral conditions such as enamel erosion. Hence a balanced intake according to RDA is important.
Objectives: The present clinical study was conducted to evaluate the positive as well as the negative aspects of vitamin C on oral health.
Methodology: 170 patients were randomly categorized into 2 groups: Group 1 (n=85), the group with normal serum vitamin C levels and a history of adequate intake according to the Average Requirement valueand Group 2 (n=85), the group with deficient vitamin C levels and inadequate intake. Evaluation of oral manifestations and their prevalence was recorded in both groups by a well-experienced oral medicine expert, and findings were recorded in terms of gingivitis, periodontitis, petechiae, paleness of oral mucosa, and dental erosion. Data collected was statistically evaluated.
Results: One way ANOVA showed a statistically significant difference between two groups, where group 2 had significantly more patients with gingivitis and periodontitis as compared to group 1, with mean values of 1.3529±0.5049 & 1.5882±1.208 in group 1 and 1.6118±0.6743 & 2.4353±2.1737 in group 2 for gingivitis and periodontitis, respectively. In Group I, 27 subjects reported enamel erosion, 29 presented with bleeding gums, and 4 had established periodontitis. A petechial on buccal mucosa was seen in 1 patient, while 2 presented with pale mucosa. In Group II, enamel erosion was present in 4 subjects, bleeding gums/gingivitis in 50.5% of individuals, periodontitis in 17 cases, petechiae on the hard palate in 2, and petechiae on the buccal mucosa in 4.
Conclusion: Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is an important vitamin that plays a key role in the maintenance of oral health and works as an antioxidant (free radical scavenger). Deficiency leads oral health detriment oral characterized by delayed wound healing, bleeding, swollen gingiva Pale mucosa was observed 12. However, the intergroup difference between two groups was statistically insignificant (p > 0.1). There was increased incidence and development of periodontal disease eventually leading to tooth loss. Adequate and balanced intake of vitamin C is advocated for a healthy oral cavity.
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