Anatomical and Radiological assessment of Acromion morphology and morphometry and its clinical significance in in shoulder impingement syndrome
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61841/qmkp3z61Keywords:
Impingement syndrome, acromion process, scapula, rotator cuff, MRIAbstract
Objectives To record the radiological parameters, anatomical assessment of morphology & morphometric parameters of the acromion process of the scapula.
Co-relating the values of the present study with various parameters obtained from other studies.
To study the bony abnormalities associated with impingement syndrome and to measure the length of subacromial space using magnetic resonance imaging.
BACKGROUND—The subacromial space is a gap between the non-elastic coracoacromial arch and the head of the humerus. The space is filled by the subacromial bursa , supraspinatus tendon, and biceps tendon. Raising the arm in activities like combing the hair narrows the subacromial space. The space is further narrowed by anatomical abnormalities of the acromion process of the scapula, resulting in impingement, which is a disorder of the shoulder joint. Radiological parameters and anatomical parameters of the acromion process are essential in diagnosing the pathogenesis of rotator cuff disease and shoulder impingement syndrome.
Materials & Methods—The study was done at the Department of Anatomy & Department of Radiology , MGMC & RI, on 80 dry unpaired scapulae without any external deformities, and the age and sex of these scapulae were unknown. The study also included 30 magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of patients with a history of shoulder pain suggestive of rotator cuff pathology. The thickness of the acromion process, acromial breadth, acromial length, acromio-glenoid distance, and acromio-coracoid distance were measured with measuring tape and also by using a sliding vernier caliper . Variouses of the acromion process were also noted. The bony abnormalities were noted, and the length of subacromial space was also measured by MRI.
ResultsOut of the 80 dry scapulas of unknown age and sex , various shapes of the scapula that were observed were as follows: Curved type (type 11) was seen in 58% of scapulae. Hooked type (type 111) was seen in 37% of cases, followed by flat type (type 1) acromion process in 5% of cases. The mean breadth and length of the acromion process were 24.03mm and 43.6mm , respectively. The mean anterior acromial thickness is 6.94mm, the mean coracoacromial distance is 28.9mm, and the mean acromioglenoid distance is 27.35 mm.
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