THE POTENTIAL OF IMPLEMENTING INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (ICT) IN SPECIAL INTEREST TOURIST DESTINATION: AN EXPLORATORY STUDY OF INTERNATIONAL TOURISTS OF SUBAK CULTURAL LANDSCAPE IN BALI PROVINCE AS UNESCO’S CULTURAL HERITAGE SITE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61841/qbt7ft51Keywords:
ICT, Tourism, Sustainability, Subak, World HeritageAbstract
Tourists can feel the added value of a destination with the application of information and communication technology (ICT), which is currently being promoted by the government and managers of tourist attractions in various countries. Cultural tourism is a tourism segment that is being developed and integrated with ICT. The Subak Cultural Landscape Destination, which is a UNESCO Cultural Heritage located in Bali, is a destination that is visited by many tourists but is not yet equipped by ICTs to add value and provide more experience to tourists. The design method in analyzing ICT devices is needed by tourist destinations, especially the Subak Cultural Landscape, to enrich the destination. Using qualitative methods, open-ended questions can be disseminated to tourists who have visited all cultural landscape destinations. The result is a coding design whose application can be used to determine the ICT tools needed while still promoting the concept of sustainability tourism.
Downloads
References
[1] Ali, A. & Frew, D. (2013). Information and communication technologies for sustainable tourism. Oxon: Taylor and Francis.
[2] Apostalakis, A. & Jaffry, S. (2005). A Choice Modeling Application for Greek Heritage Attractions. Journal of Travel Research, 43(February), 309–318. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287504272035
[3] Blurton, C. (1999). New directions of ICT use in education. Retrieved from http://www.unesco.org/education/educprog/lwf/dl/edict.pdf
[4] Brotherton, B. & Himmetoglu, B. (1997). Beyond Destinations: Special Interest Tourism. Anatolia: An International Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Research, 8(3), 11–30. https://doi.org/10.1080/13032917.1997.9687118
[5] Bogdanovych, A., Rodriguez-Aguilar, J. A., Simoff, S., & Cohen, A. (2010).
[6] Authentic interactive reenactment of cultural heritage with 3D virtual worlds and artificial intelligence. Applied Artificial Intelligence, 24(6), 617–647. doi:10. 1080/08839514.2010.492172
[7] Brogni, A., Avizzano, C. A., Evangelista, C., & Bergamasco, M. (1999). Technological Approach for Cultural Heritage: Augmented Reality [online]. Pisa: Scuola Superiore S. Anna. Available from:http://www0.cs.ucl.ac.uk/staff/ucacaxb/publicdownload/1999_Brogni_TAF.pdf
[8] Bryman A. (2012). Social research methods. (4th ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
[9] Buhalis, D. (2003). ETourism: Information technology for strategic tourism management. London: Pearson.
[10] Chen, W., Zhang, M., Pan, Z., Liu, G., Shen, H., Chen, S., & Liu, Y. (2010). Animations, games, and virtual reality for Jing-Hang Grand Canal. IEEE Computer Graphics & Applications, 30(3), 84–88. doi:10.1109/MCG.2010.49
[11] Cihelková, E., Nguyen, H. P., Fabuš, M. 2020. The EU concept of the “Strategic Partnership”: Identifying the “unifying” criteria for the differentiation of strategic partners. Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Issues, 7(3), 1723-1739. https://doi.org/10.9770/jesi.2020.7.3(19)
[12] Damiano, R., Gena, C., Lombardo, V., Nunnari, F., & Pizzo, A. (2008). A stroll with Carletto: Adaptation in drama-based tours with virtual characters. User Modeling & User-Adapted Interaction, 18(5), 417–453. doi:10.1007/s11257- 008-9053-1
[13] Etxeberria, A. I., Asensio, M., Vicent, N., & Cuenca, J. M. (2012). Mobile devices: A tool for tourism and learning at archaeological sites. International Journal ofWeb Based Communities (IJWBC), 8(1), 57–72. doi:10.1504/IJWBC. 2012.044682
[14] Garau, C. (2014). From territory to smartphone: smart fruition of cultural heritage for dynamic tourism development. Planning, Practice & Research, 29(3), 238–255. doi:10.1080/02697459.2014.929837
[15] Grainger Clemson, H. (2014). Trailfinders-curating an interactive city promenade experience with mobile phones. Digital Creativity, 25(4), 330–342. doi:10.1080/14626268.2014.904362
[16] Hall, M., & Weiler, B. (1992). Introduction. What’s special about special interest tours? In B. Weiler & C.M. Hall (Eds.), Special Interest Tourism. Bellhaven Press.
[17] Hausmann, A. & Weuster, L. (2018). Possible marketing tools for heritage tourism: the potential of implementing information and communication technology. Journal of Heritage Tourism, 13(3), 273–284. https://doi.org/10.1080/1743873X.2017.1334786
[18] Krippendorff K. H. (2012). Content analysis: An introduction to its methodology (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE.
[19] Law, R., Leung, D., & Chan, I. C. C. (2019). Progression and development of information and communication technology research in hospitality and tourism: A state-of-the-art review. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-07-2018-0586
[20] Lewis, G. (2009). The impact of ICT on customs. World Customs Journal, 3(1), 1–11. Retrieved from http:// worldcustomsjournal.org/Archives/Volume%203,%20Number%201%20(Apr%202009)/02%20Lewis.pdf
[21] Lee, S. J., & Bai, B. (2016). Influence of popular culture on special interest tourists’ destination image. Tourism Management, 52, 161–169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2015.06.019
[22] Li, Y. & Hunter, C. (2015). Community involvement for sustainable heritage tourism: a conceptual model. Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, 5(3), 248–262.https://doi.org/10.1108/JCHMSD-08-2014-0027
[23] Mariani, M. M., Baggio, R., Buhalis, D., & Longhi, C. (2014). Tourism management, marketing, and development (The Importance of Networks and ICTs, Vol. 1). New York: Palgrave MacMillan. Mason
[24] Mckercher, B. & Chan, A. (2005). How Special Is Special Interest Tourism? Journal of Travel Research, 44(August), 21–31. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287505276588
[25] Núñez-Cacho, P., Lorenzo-Gómez, D. 2020. Temporary factors that condition innovation: comparison between family and non-family businesses. Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Issues, 7(3), 1740-1759. https://doi.org/10.9770/jesi.2020.7.3(20)
[26] Nuryanti, W. (1996). Heritage and postmodern tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 23(2), 249–260. https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-7383(95)00062-3
[27] Pantano, E. & Servidio, R. (2010). An exploratory study of the role of pervasive environments for promotion of tourism destinations. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Technology, 2(1), 50–65.doi:10.1108/17579881111112412
[28] Ruggieri, G., & Calò, P. (2018). ICT and tourism impact islands. Ecocycles, 4(2), 4–11.https://doi.org/10.19040/ecocycles.v4i2.102
[29] Stebbins, R. A. (1982). Serious Leisure: A Conceptual Statement. The Pasific Sociological Review, 25(2), 251–272.
[30] Trauer, B. (2006). Conceptualizing special interest tourism: Frameworks for Analysis. Tourism Management, 27(2), 183–200. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2004.10.004
[31] Tscheu, F. & Buhalis, D. (2016). Augmented reality at cultural heritage sites. Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism, 1, 607–619. https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2015/b21/s7.018
[32] Vasavada, F. & Kour, G. (2016). Heritage Tourism: How Advertising is Branding the Intangibles? Journal of Heritage Management, 1(1), 22–34. https://doi.org/10.1177/2455929616640688
[33] Yin, R. K. (2015). Qualitative research from start to finish (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2020 AUTHOR
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
You are free to:
- Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format for any purpose, even commercially.
- Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
- The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.
Under the following terms:
- Attribution — You must give appropriate credit , provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made . You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
- No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
Notices:
You do not have to comply with the license for elements of the material in the public domain or where your use is permitted by an applicable exception or limitation .
No warranties are given. The license may not give you all of the permissions necessary for your intended use. For example, other rights such as publicity, privacy, or moral rights may limit how you use the material.
