HISTORY AS AN IDEOLOGY: NEW ORDER IN A HISTORY SCHOOL TEXTBOOK
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61841/71rcgm12Keywords:
Ideology, School Textbook, New OrderAbstract
During Indonesia’s New Order period, history school textbooks received special attention from the Suharto’s governance. The history of instructional materials must be in accordance with the curriculum designed by the government. These instructional materials, as one would expect, inevitably contained political agendas of the ruling government. This paper reported a critical discourse analysis on the political ideology contained in the historical narratives portrayed by the school textbook during the New Order regime.
Downloads
References
[1] Ali, Mohammad,“Beberapa Masalah Tentang Historiografi Indonesia”, dalam Soedjatmoko (1995),
Historiografi Indonesia Suatu Pengantar, Jakarta : Gramedia
[2] Anderson, B. “Old State, New Society: Indonesia's New Order in Comparative Historical Perspective”. The Journal of Asian Studies, 1983, 42(3), 477-496
[3] Arredondo, Adelina,”From Religious Education to Secular Education in the Official Curriculum of Primary Education in Mexico (1821-1917)”, Espacio, Tiempo y Educación. 2017;4(2):253-272
[4] Aspinall, Edward & Fealy, Greg, (2010),Soeharto’s New Order and its Legacy Essays in honour of Harold Crouch,
Asian Studies Series Monograph 2, Canbera : The Australian National University Press.
[5] Bae, Shil,”Incredible parenting with Incredible Years?: A Foucauldian analysis of New Zealand Government Perspectives on Parenting and their Implications for Parents and educators in Early Childhood Education”,Global Education Review. 2017;4(2):25-39
[6] Burke, Peter, (1992), History & Social History, Cambridge : Polity Press.
[7] Chao, Su-Chen,”The Critical Discourse Analysis of Taiwan Indigenous Language Education Policy”,Journal of Curriculum Studies. 2014;9(2):53-78.
[8] Cribb, Robert,”The Historical Roots of Indonesia’s New Order: Beyond the Colonial Comparison” dalam, Aspinall, Edward & Fealy, Greg, (2010),Soeharto’s New Order and its Legacy Essays in honour of Harold Crouch, Asian Studies Series Monograph 2, Canbera : The Australian National University Press, p. 67-80.
[9] Darmawan, Wawan,” Historiography Analysis Of History Text Book From Neerlandocentric To Scientific”,
Historia Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Peniliti Sejarah, Vol. 11. No.2 (2010).
[10] Darmawan, Wawan, Sjamsuddin, Helius, & Mulyana, Agus,”The Past Ghost: The Expression Of Narrative Ideology in History Textbooks During The New Order And Reformasi In Indonesia”, Paramita Historical Studies Journal Vol 28, No 2 (2018).
[11] Darmiasti, (2002), Penulisan Buku Pelajaran Sejarah Indonesia Untuk Sekolah Menengah Atas 1964-1984 ;
Sejarah Demi Kekuasaan, Tesis, Depok : Universitas Indonesia
[12] Dewi, Nenden Rikma,”The Untold History Of The „Unifinished Nation‟ In History Schoolbooks” Proceeding The 3rd Literary Studies Conference “The 1965 Coup In Indonesia : Questions Of Representation 50 Years Later” Department Of English Letters And Graduate Program In English Language Studies Universitas Sanata Dharma, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, 2015, p.70-74.
[13] Emiliozzi, María Valeria,”Denaturalization of the pedagogic device in body education”,Práxis Educativa. 2015;10(1):79-102.
[14] Fairclough, N. (1992). Discourse and Social Change (Vol. 73). Cambridge: Polity press.
[15] Fatgehipon, Abdul Haris,”The 30th September Movement and the Emerging of the New Order Regime in Indonesia”, Sosio Humanika Jurnal Pendidikan Sains Kemanusiaan dan Humaniora, Vol 2, No 1 (2009),
[16] Ferreira, Eucaris Joelma Rodrigues, de Oliveira, Ozerina Victor,”Discourse Production In A Cycle-Based Curricular Policy: The Creation Of The Literacy Basic Cycle In The Municipality Of Várzeagrande – MT”,Perspectiva. 2015;33(2):823-841.
[17] Fitch, Kate & L’Etang, Jacquie,” Other voices? The state of public relations history and historiography: Questions, challenges and limitations of ‘national’ histories and historiographies” Public Relations Inquiry, 2017, Vol. 6(1) 115–136
[18] G. Popova, Natalia, Beavitt, Thomas A.”English As A Means Of Scientific Communication: Linguistic Imperialism Or Interlingua?”,Integraciâ Obrazovaniâ. 2017;21(1):54-70 Gu, Xiang,”Evidentiality, subjectivity and ideology in the Japanese history textbook” dalam, Discourse & Society, Vol. 26, 2015.
[19] Gani, F.”The Legacy Of Soeharto’s New Order: Power Sustainability Through Control Of Information Media”, at, Melani Budianta, et. al, (2018), Cultural Dynamics In A Globalized World, Proceedings Of The Asia-Pacific Research In Social Sciences And Humanities, Depok, Indonesia, November 7–9, 2016, Topics In Arts And Topics In Arts And Humanities, London And New York : Routledge Taylor & Francis Group.p. 173-180.
[20] Garcia, Luciane Terra dos Santos, Santos, Jailda Oliveira,”Federalism And Educational Policies In Brazil: A Brief Historical Period”,Research, Society and Development. 2018;7(5)
[21] Hadiz, Vedi R &Robison, “Richard Competing populisms in post-authoritarian Indonesia”, International Political Science Review”,2017, Vol. 38(4) 488–502
[22] Hasan, Said Hamid, “The Development Of Historical Thinking And Skills In The Teaching Of History In The Senior Secondary School Curriculum In Indonesia”, Historia:International Journal Of History Education, Vol. Xi, No. 2 (December 2010)
[23] Haydn, Terry,”History in Schools and the Problem of “The Nation”,Education Sciences. 2012;2(4):276-289.
[24] İnaç, Hüsamettin,”The Construction of National Identity in Modern Times: Theoretical Perspective”, dalam
, International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Vol. 3 No. 11; June 2013.
[25] Jones, Sidney,”New Order Repression and the Birth of Jemaah Islamiyah” dalam, Aspinall, Edward & Fealy, Greg, (2010),Soeharto’s New Order and its Legacy Essays in honour of Harold Crouch, Asian Studies Series Monograph 2, Canbera : The Australian National University Press, hlm. 39-48.
[26] Kasimov, Nikolay, Mazurov, Yuri, Österlund, Pakina, Sven-Erik Alla, Plepys,Andrius,”Sustainable Development In The Context Of Education: Swedish Realities And Russian Potential”,Geography, Environment, Sustainability. 2011;4(1):86-103.
[27] Kartodirdjo, Sartono et. al. (1977), Sejarah Nasional Indonesia I, Jakarta : Balai Pustaka.
[28] Kartodirdjo, Sartono, (2001), Indonesian Historiography,Yogyakarta: Kanisius.
[29] Korbits, Keit,”The representation of the Cold War in three Estonian history textbooks”, dalam, Compare: A Journal of Comparative and International Education, Vol. 45, No. 5,02 Jun 2015.
[30] Lai, Yen-Chywan, Wan, Li-Yun,”Educational Accountability System in Local Government: Current Conditions and Impact”,Journal of Research in Education Sciences. 2014;59(3):97-132.
[31] Lloyd, Christopher (1988), Explanation in Social History, London : Basil Blackwell.
[32] Lloyd, Christopher (1993), The Structures of History, London : Basil Blackwell.
[33] Lukacks, John, (2017), Historical Conciousness The Remember Past, New York : Roeutledge.
[34] McCullagh, C.Behan (1998), The Truth Of History, London : Routledge.
[35] McGregor, Katharine, (2007), History in Uniform ; Military Ideology and the Construction of Indonesia, Singapore : NUS Press.
[36] Mietzner, Marcus,” Authoritarian elections, state capacity, and performance legitimacy: Phases of regime consolidation and decline in Suharto’s Indonesia”, International Political Science Review, 2018, Vol. 39(1) 83–96.
[37] Nelson, Todd H,”History as ideology: the portrayal of Stalinism and the Great Patriotic War in contemporary Russian high school textbooks”, dalam, Post-Soviet Affairs, Vol. 31, No. 1, 2015.
[38] Nordholt, Henk Schulte,”De-colonising Indonesian Historiography”,Paper delivered at the Centre for East and South-East Asian Studies public lecture series “Focus Asia”, 25-27 May, 2004, Sweden : Centre for East and South-East Asian Studies, Lund University.
[39] Nordhot, Henk Schulte, et.al. “Memikir ulang historiografi Indonesia”, dalam, Nordhot, Henk Schulte, et.al,
(2008), Perpspektif Baru Penulisan Sejarah Indonesia, Jakarta : KITLV.
[40] Notosusanto, Nugroho, ed. (1981), Sejarah Nasional Indonesia Untuk SMA Jilid 1, 2, dan 3, Jakarta : Depdikbud.
[41] O‟Dowd, M. “Australian Identity, History and Belonging: The Influence of White Australian Identity on Racism and the Non-acceptance of the History of Colonisation of Indigenous Australians”, International Journal of Diversity in Organizations, Communities and Nations, Vol 10, Issue 6, 2011, pp.29- 44
[42] Padi, A.A, “Masalah Pengajaran Sejarah”, Kompas, 11 Mei 1985.
[43] Rahimi, Forough & Riasati, Mohammad Javad ,”Critical Discourse Analysis: Scrutinizing Ideologically- Driven Discourses”, International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Vol. 1 No. 16; November 2011.
[44] Ramanathan, Renugah & Hoon, Tan Bee “Application of Critical Discourse Analysis in Media Discourse Studies”, The Southeast Asian Journal of English Language Studies – Vol 21(2): 57 – 68.
[45] Saura, Geo, Navas, Julián Luengo,”Biopolitcs and education. Measurement, standardization and regularisation of the population”,Teoría de la Educación: Revista Interuniversitaria. 2015;27(2):115-135.
[46] Silalahi, Ronald & Yuwono, Untung,”The Sustainability of Pancasila in Indonesian Education System: A Critical Discourse Analysis of Legal Texts on Education”, Research in Social Sciences and Technology, 2018: 3 (2), 58-78.
[47] Smith, Anthony D. (1986), The Ethnic Origins of Nations, Oxford: Blackwell.
[48] Stanford, Michael, (1987), The nature of Historical Knowledge, Oxford : Basil Balckwell Ltd.
[49] Sulistiyono, Singgih Tri,”Tracking the Role of Education in Preserving National Identity: Maritime Aspects in the History Subject at Senior High School in Indonesia,”JMSNI (Journal of Maritime Studies and National Integration). 2017;1(1):55-65.
[50] Swoboda, Hannes & Wiersma, Jan Marinus, Ed. (2009), Politics of the Past : the use and Abuse History,
Radboud University Nijmegen : Renner Institute
[51] Terlević, Maja, Starčič, Andreja Istenič, Kovač, Maruška Šubic,”Sustainable Spatial Development In Higher Education”,Urbani Izziv. 2015;26(1):105-120
[52] Van Dijk, Teun, A,”Discourse, Context And Cognition”, Discourse Studies, 2006, London, Thousand Oaks, Ca And New Delhi : Sage Publications.
[53] Van Dijk, Teun A. , “Ideology and discourse analysis”,Journal of Political Ideologies, Volume 11, 2006- Issue 2 : Special Anniversary Issue: the Meaning of Ideology : Cros-Disciplinary perspectives (II)
[54] Ward, Ken,”Soeharto’s Javanese Pancasila” dalam, Aspinall, Edward & Fealy, Greg, (2010), Soeharto’s New Order and its Legacy Essays in honour of Harold Crouch, Asian Studies Series Monograph 2, Canbera : The Australian National University Press, hlm.27-38.
[55] Weatherbee, Donald E., “Indonesia in 1984: Pancasila, Politics, and Power”, Asian Survey Vol. 25, No. 2, A Survey of Asia in 1984: Part II (Feb., 1985), pp. 187-197
[56] Xifra, Jordi & Heath, Robert, “Reputation, Propaganda, and Hegemony in Assyriology Studies: A Gramscian View of Public Relations Historiography”, Journal of Public Relation Research, Volume 27, 2015.
[57] Yilmaz, Harun, (2015), National Identities in Soviet Historiography The Rise of Nations Under Stalin,
London and New York : Routledge Taylor and Francis Group.
[58] Zajda, Joseph, Spady, Tatyana Tsyrlina & Lovorn, Michael,” Research Trends in Globalisation and Historiography of National Leaders: Symbolic Representations in School Textbooks” Globalisation and Historiography of National Leaders, Vol. 18, 2016, pp 275-280.
[59] Zaidi,Zareen, Verstegen, Daniëlle, Vyas, Rashmi, Hamed, Omayma, Dornan,Tim, Morahan, Page,”Cultural Hegemony? Educators’ Perspectives On Facilitating Cross-Cultural Dialogue”,Medical Education Online. 2016;21(0):1-9
Additional Files
Published
Issue
Section
License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
You are free to:
- Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format for any purpose, even commercially.
- Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
- The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.
Under the following terms:
- Attribution — You must give appropriate credit , provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made . You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
- No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
Notices:
You do not have to comply with the license for elements of the material in the public domain or where your use is permitted by an applicable exception or limitation .
No warranties are given. The license may not give you all of the permissions necessary for your intended use. For example, other rights such as publicity, privacy, or moral rights may limit how you use the material.
