Effects of Neuro-feedback Training on Balance and Ankle Instability in Patients with Anterior Talofibular Ligament Rupture
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61841/ae6k1160Keywords:
Anterior talofibular ligament rupture, Neuro-feedback training, Ankle instability, , talofibular ligament, BalanceAbstract
Background/Objectives: Anterior talofibular ligament rupture is difficult to heal, and ankle sprains can lead to chronic ankle instability; therefore, we studied the effects of neuro-feedback training on anterior talofibular ligament rupture. Methods/Statistical analysis: We selected 20 patients and divided them into two groups: a control group and a neuro-feedback group (n = 10 each). The neuro-feedback group underwent neuro-feedback training for 20 minutes while the control group meditated for 20 minutes. Both groups participated in an ankle rehabilitation program for 30 minutes, thrice a week for eight weeks. Data analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (version 21.0), and the significance level was set at 0.05. Findings: We used the numerical rating scale (NRS), foot pressure (Zebris FDM-system), one-leg standing test (OLST), timed up and go (TUG), and Cumberland ankle instability tool (CAIT) to compare the differences between the control and training groups. In both groups, the pain decreased with time. In the training group, there were significant differences in the NRS, foot pressure, OLST, TUG, CAIT, and CAIT measurements before and after the experiment. Furthermore, there were significant differences in the NRS, foot pressure, balance, and CAIT values between the groups. Improvements/Applications: Our study demonstrated the effects of neuro-feedback training in patients with ankle ligament rupture. Neuro-feedback training program is effective in reducing pain, improving balance, and improving ankle instability in patients with anterior talofibular ligament rupture.
Downloads
References
1. Messina DF, Farney WC, DeLee JC. The incidence of injury in Texas high school basketball. The American journal of sports medicine. 1999;27(3):294-299.
2. Cha, S. H., Kim, W. W., & Yim, M. Y. (2009). Effects of training mode on range of motion and isokinetic muscle function during ankle rehabilitation. The official journal of the korean association of certified exercise professionals, 11(1), 43-52.
3. Choi, I. H., & Lee, J. K. (2019). Effect of Accelerated Rehabilitation with Anti-Gravity Treadmill Exercise on Ankle Joint Function After Surgery of Modified Brostrom Operation in Chronic Ankle Instability Patients. Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society, 20(7), 228-235.
4. Hertel, J., Functional anatomy, pathomechanics, and pathophysiology of lateral ankle instability. Journal of athletic training, 2002. 37(4):364-375.
5. Wichalls, J.B., Newman, P., Waddington, G., Adams, R., Blanch, P., Functional performance deficits associated with ligamentous instability at the ankle. Journal of science and medicine in sport, 2013. 16(2):89-93.
6. Kjærsgaard-andersen, P., Søjbjerg, J.O., Wethelund, J.O., Helmig, P., Madsen, F., Watson-Jones tenodesis for ankle instability: a mechanical analysis in amputation specimens. Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica, 1989. 60(4):477-480.
7. Scranton Jr, P.E., J.E. McDermott, Rogers, J.V., The relationship between chronic ankle instability and variations in
mortise anatomy and impingement spurs. Foot & ankle international, 2000. 21(8):657-664.
8. Kim, D. W., & Sung, K. S. (2018). Chronic lateral ankle instability. Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society, 22(2), 55-61.
9. Braun, B.L., Effects of ankle sprain in a general clinic population 6 to 18 months after medical evaluation. Archives of family medicine, 1999. 8:143-148.
10. Dietmar, D., Marcos, R.I., Andrés, S.V., Mario, E.G., Roseli, S.B., et al., Efficacy of a vibrotactile neurofeedback training in stance and gait conditions for the treatment of balance deficits: a double-blind, placebo-controlled multicenter study. Otol Neurotol, 2011. 32(9):1492-1499.
11. Maszczyk, A., Gołaś, A., Pietraszewski, P., Kowalczyk, M., Cięszczyk, P., et al., Neurofeedback for the enhancement of dynamic balance of judokas. Biology of sport, 2018. 35(1):99.
12. Tomczak M, Tomczak E. The need to report effect size estimates revisited. An overview of some recommended measures of effect size. Trends in Sport Sciences. 2014;21(1).
13. Cohen J. Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences, Routledge, 2013.
14. Barbosa-Torres C, Cubo-Delgado S, Bermejo-García ML, Vicente-Castro F. Neurofeedback para mejorar la atención, el dolor crónico y la calidad de vida en pacientes con fibromialgia. Atención Primaria. 2019;51(5):316.
15. Azarpaikan A, Torbati HT. Effect of somatosensory and neurofeedback training on balance in older healthy adults: a preliminary investigation. Aging clinical and experimental research. 2018;30(7):745-753.
16. Maszczyk A, Gołaś A, Pietraszewski P, Kowalczyk M, Cięszczyk P, et al. Neurofeedback for the enhancement of dynamic balance of judokas. Biology of sport. 2018;35(1):99.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
You are free to:
- Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format for any purpose, even commercially.
- Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
- The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.
Under the following terms:
- Attribution — You must give appropriate credit , provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made . You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
- No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
Notices:
You do not have to comply with the license for elements of the material in the public domain or where your use is permitted by an applicable exception or limitation .
No warranties are given. The license may not give you all of the permissions necessary for your intended use. For example, other rights such as publicity, privacy, or moral rights may limit how you use the material.
