A Spatial Analysis For The Phenomenon Of Financial And Administrative Corruption In Iraq And Its Political And Economic Effects

Authors

  • Lateef Kamel Kelaiwy Al-Muthanna University College of Education for Human Sciences Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.61841/0gspdn68

Keywords:

financial corruption,, administrative corruption, political corruption, nepotism

Abstract

The phenomenon of financial and administrative corruption is one of the most prominent challenges that faced the Iraqi state after 2003 due to its profound effects on the building of the state and its economic structure. Corruption is a political, economic, administrative, and social phenomenon that is basically extracted from the exploitation of power or influence in order to achieve material or moral gains by illegal means. There is no more evidence for this than listing Iraq as the world's most corrupt country. This phenomenon has grown and increased until its features are engraved and rooted in the state and this has been confirmed by the reports of Transparency International since 2004. These reports showed that Iraq occupies an advanced position among the most financially and administratively corrupt countries. This is due to the weakness of the official agencies concerned with confronting corruption on the one hand, and the control of utilitarian parties aspiring to maximize their gains at the expense of the people through corruption on the other. The phenomenon of financial and administrative corruption in Iraq has hampered the process of building and progress in the state at the political and economic levels. Accordingly, this research came to delve into the nature of this phenomenon and its causes and to propose solutions to confront it.

 

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

1)- Ahmed Shukr Hammoud Al-Subaihi, Social and Economic Problems and Building the Civil State in Iraq after 2003, Political and International Journal, No. 35, Al-Mustansiriya University, 2017, p. 20.

(2)- Muhammad Al-Saleh, Political stability, a reading of the concept and goals, Journal of Political and Law Notebooks, No. 15, 2016, pg. 47.

(3) - Nizar Abdul-Amir Turki al-Ghanimi, Muhammad Jassim Muhammad al- Khazraji, financial and administrative corruption and its role in reducing the Iraqi economy after the US occupation of Iraq in 2003, Center for Strategic Studies, University of Karbala, 2017, p. 16.

(4) - Taghreed Dawood Salman Dawood, Administrative and financial corruption in Iraq and its impact on the economic and social causes - types - manifestations - ways to treat it, Al-Ghari Journal of Economic and Administrative Sciences, No. 33, Volume Ten, Eleventh Year, 2015, p. 98.

(5) - Nizar Abdul-Amir Turki Al-Ghanimi, Muhammad Jassim Muhammad Al- Khazraji, Ibid, p. 16.

(6) - Ibid, p. 16-17.

(7) - Hussein Karim Ani, Iraq in the Corruption Perceptions Index, Transparency International Report, Integrity and Transparency Journal for Research and Studies, Sixth Issue, Integrity Commission, p. 72.

(8) - Musa Faraj, The Corruption Case in Iraq, first edition, Dar Al Shagara for Publishing and Distribution, Syria, 2013, p. 45.

(9) - Khadija Juma Al-Zwaini, Corruption and its Impact on the State’s General Budget, Journal of Administration and Economy, No. 73, Al-Mustansiriya University, 2008, p. 8.

(10)- Ayman Ahmed Muhammad, Corruption and Accountability in Iraq, Policy Paper, Friedrich Ebert Foundation for Publishing, Iraq, 2013, p. 4.

(11) - Khadija Juma'a Al-Zwaini, Ibid, p. 8.

(12) - Jerusalem Center for Studies, Konrad Adenauer Foundation, Democracy in the Internal Life of Arab Political Parties, Symposium, 2010, p. 109.

(13) - Abdul Muttalib Abdul Mahdi Musa, the phenomenon of political violence in Iraq after 2003, a study in the causes and ways of confrontation, Dar Ghaida Publishing and Distribution, Amman, 2016, pg. 149.

(14) - Nashat Ahmed Nassif, Financial and Administrative Corruption and Ways to Combat It, Iraqi University Journal, Issue 33, Volume 1, Iraqi University 2014, pp. 446-447.

(15)- Sahib al-Rubaie, A Vision in State Institutions and Society, first edition, Pages for Studies for Publishing, Syria, 2011, p. 96.

(16) - Wissam Abd Muhammad, Shaima Hatem Al-Hankawi, Administrative Corruption and Ways to Treat It, Tikrit University Journal of Law, No. 29, Volume 4, Year 8, Tikrit University, 2016, pg. 414.

(17) - Fatima Abd Jawad, Administrative and Financial Corruption and its Negative Effects on the Iraqi State Institutions and Ways to Address It, Research Presented to the Tax Scientific Symposium, General Tax Authority, Statistics and Research Department, p. 10.

(18) - Ibtihal Muhammad Reda Daoud, Administrative Corruption and its Political and Economic Raising, with Special Reference to Iraq’s Experience in Corruption, International Studies, Issue 48, University of Baghdad, 2011, pp. 73-75.

(19) - The Iraqi Strategic Report for the year 2008, Corruption and its role in limiting the Iraqi economic performance, Hammurabi Center for Research and Strategic Studies, p. 223 and p. 225.

(20)- Ayman Ahmed Mohamed, Ibid, p. 4.

(21) - Aziz Ali Sabt, Financial and Administrative Corruption in Iraq: The Position of Iraqi Legislation on it, Ministry of Agriculture, Dhi Qar, 2017, p. 8.

(22)- Medhat Kazem Al-Quraishi, Administrative and Financial Corruption in Iraq: Its Causes, Economic and Social Effects, and Ways to Combat It, International Network for Internet Information on:

http://iraqieconomists.net

(23)- see

- United Nations Development Program, United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, Central Statistical Organization, Integrity Commission, Kurdistan Statistical Commission, Corruption and Integrity Challenges in the Public Sector in Iraq, 2012,

p. 53.

- Taghreed by Dawood Salman Dawood, a previous source, p.

Downloads

Published

30.06.2020

How to Cite

Kelaiwy, L. K. (2020). A Spatial Analysis For The Phenomenon Of Financial And Administrative Corruption In Iraq And Its Political And Economic Effects. International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation, 22(4), 1209-1219. https://doi.org/10.61841/0gspdn68