NATO’S INTERVENTION AND JUS IN BELLO PRINCIPLES IN KOSOVO
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61841/8px54e80Keywords:
Humanitarian intervention, jus in bello, military intervention, Kosovo, Serbia, NATOAbstract
The intervention by NATO is synonymous with its claim on humanitarian intervention in Kosovo during the Kosovo crisis in late February 1998. During the crisis, NATO attempted a military intervention based on humanitarianism mission. The alliances waged war with airstrikes rather than deploying its troops on the land. Even though such intervention lacked authorization from all members of the United Nations Security Council, NATO carried along with the strikes and managed to prevent the violation of rights on the scale of the Kosovo war and later on received notable support in the international community. The Independent International Commission states that interventions carried out by NATO in Kosovo are a category of implementing a humanitarian intervention that is considered legitimate, even if referring to the principles of international law, it can also be regarded as invalid. But the principles in jus in bello provide restrictions on just conduct during the war, which is separate from questions of who should intervene so it could help to understand these cases. This paper is to study on the issue of whether an illegal but effective intervention should be supported or should not be supported and is it permissible if it is based on humanitarian intervention and to save tens of thousands of innocent lives.
Downloads
References
[1] Antonenko, O. (2007). Russia and the deadlock over Kosovo. Survival, 49(3), 91- 106. doi:10.1080/00396330701564794
[2] Cottey, A. (2009). The Kosovo war in perspective. International Affairs, 85(3), 593–608. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2346.2009. 00816.x
[3] Economics, Forum. (2018). Which will be the most miserable economies in 2018? Retrieved June 18, 2019, from https://www.focus- economics.com/blog/most-miserable- economies-2018-misery-index
[4] Greenwood, C. (2002). Humanitarian intervention: the case of Kosovo. Brill NV.
Retrieved May 20, 2019, from http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/id/eprint/21492
[5] Herscher, A., & Riedlmayer, A. (2000). Monument and crime: the destruction of historic architecture in Kosovo. Grey Room, 1(1), 108–122. doi:10.1162/152638100750173083
[6] History. (2010). NATO Bombs Yugoslavia. Retrieved May 20, 2019, from https://www.history.com/this-day-in history/nato-bombs-yugoslavia
[7] Hurd, I. (2011). Is humanitarian intervention legal? the rule of law in an incoherent world.
Ethics and International Affairs, 25(3), 293–313. doi:10.1017/S089267941100027X
[8] Huysmans, J. (2002). Shape-shifting NATO: humanitarian action and the Kosovo refugee crisis. Review of International Studies. doi.10.1017/S0260210502005995
[9] Yusob, M.M.L, Salleh, M.A., Ariffin, M.R.A, Mohamed, A.M.H. (2017). International Religious Freedom Act 1998 and the issue of religious freedom in Muslim countries. Pertanika Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities. 25 (October). Pp. 231-239.
[10] Merriam, J. J. (2001). Kosovo and the law of humanitarian intervention. 33 Case W. Res. J. Int'l L. 111. Retrieved June 18, 2019, from https://scholarlycommons.law.case.edu/jil/vol33/iss1/4
[11] NATO. (1999). Reports on NATO’s role in relation to the conflict in Kosovo, 1999.
Retrieved May 20, 2019, from https://www.nato.int/kosovo/history.htm#1
[12] Papasotiriou, H. (2002). The kosovo war: kosovar insurrection, serbian retribution and NATO intervention. Journal of Strategic Studies, 25(1), 39–62. doi.10.1080/714004041
[13] Pattison, J. (2010). Humanitarian intervention and the responsibility to protect. Retrieved May 20, 2019, from doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199561049.001.0001
[14] Roberts, A. (1999). NATO’s Humanitarian war over Kosovo. Survival, 41(3), Autumn, 102-23. Retrieved May 20, 2019, from http://www.columbia.edu/itc/sipa/S6800/courseworks/NATOhumanitarian.pdf
[15] Salleh, M. A., Nor, M. R. M., Abu-Hussin, M. F., Mohamed, A. M., Yusob, M. L., &
Nazri, N. A. (2017). The role of malaysian NGOs on palestinian issues: Aqsa syarif berhad. Pertanika Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 25(Special Issue), 133-142.
[16] Salleh, M.A., Zakariya, H. (2012). The american evangelical christians and the US Middle East policy: A case study of the Christian United for Israel (CUFI). Intellectual Discourse. 20 (2). pp. 139-163
[17] Salleh, M.A., Abu-Hussin, M.F., Azeez, Y.A., Adam, F., Muhamad, N.H.N. (2015). The emergence of non-state actors in enhancing Malaysia’s relationship with the GCC countries. Pertanika Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities. 23 (Special Issue 11). Pp. 267-280.
[18] Solana, J. (1999). NATO’s Success in Kosovo. Foreign Affairs, 78(6), 114–120. https://doi.org/10.2307/20049537
[19] Yannis, A. (2001). Kosovo under international administration. Survival, 43(2).31-48. doi:10.1080/713660347
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
You are free to:
- Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format for any purpose, even commercially.
- Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
- The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.
Under the following terms:
- Attribution — You must give appropriate credit , provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made . You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
- No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
Notices:
You do not have to comply with the license for elements of the material in the public domain or where your use is permitted by an applicable exception or limitation .
No warranties are given. The license may not give you all of the permissions necessary for your intended use. For example, other rights such as publicity, privacy, or moral rights may limit how you use the material.
