The Effectiveness of the Cluster Umbrella Strategy in the Development of Critical Thinking among Fifth Preparatory Students in the History Course
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61841/dqd1gg76Keywords:
Cluster Umbrella Strategy, Fifth Preparatory Students, History CourseAbstract
The education process in Iraq faces several difficulties in general and the teaching of history in particular, among which many teachers resort to colonizing teaching methods and methods that depend on students memorizing historical facts and information without understanding them or realizing the interconnectedness between them and this leads to making the student’s role passively dependent on listening and listening without participation The actors in the lesson, which makes the process of communication between them and the teacher somewhat difficult, and here it is necessary to use different types of methods and methods during teaching to ensure the participation of all learners in the lesson, and this is an emphasis on the positive role for them and what they should be in the process Education and Learning (Al-Rabei, 2014, 437-466)
Downloads
References
1. Ibrahim, Fadel Khalil (2010): Introduction to General Teaching Methods, Ibn Al-Atheer House for Printing
and Publishing, Mosul.
2. Ibrahim, Magdy Aziz (2009): A Dictionary of Teaching and Learning Terms and Concepts, The World of
Books, Cairo, Egypt.
3. Ibn Manzoor (1999): Lisan Al Arab, 3rd Edition, Dar Ahya for Arab Heritage, Beirut, Lebanon.
4. Abu Jadu, Salih Muhammad Ali and Mohsen Nofal (2007): Learning to think between theory and practice,
Dar Al Masirah for Publishing and Distribution, Amman.
5. Abu Rayyash, Hussein Muhammad and others (2009): The fundamentals of learning and teaching strategies:
theory and practice, first edition, House of Culture, Jordan.
6. Jaber, Abdel Hamid Jaber (2000): Teacher of the Effective Twenty-first Century "Skills and Professional
Development", Arab Thought House, Cairo, Egypt.
7. Jad Allah, Muhammad Atiyah (2004): Development of the Skills of Critical Thinking, Journal of
Educational Studies (23), pp. 68-86.
8. Jarwan, Fathy Abdel-Rahman (2002): Teaching Thinking, Concepts and Applications, Dar Al-Fikr for
Printing and Publishing, Amman.
9. Al-Husseini, Haider Hamid (2016): The Impact of the Cluster Umbrella Strategy on the Achievement of
Geography by Intermediate Second-Grade Students and Their Attitudes Toward it, Unpublished Master
Thesis, College of Education, Al-Mustansiriya University, Baghdad, Iraq.
10. Al-Hallaq, Ali Sami Ali (2007): Language and Critical Thinking, Foundations of Teaching Theory and
Strategies, 1st Edition, Dar Al-Masirah for Publishing and Distribution, Jordan.
11. Hamzah, Hamid Muhammad and Shaima Abbas (2010): The Effect of the Guided Discovery Method on
the Development of Critical Thinking of Second Intermediate Students in Biology, Journal of the College
of Basic Education, University of Babylon, Issue 4.
12. Hamida, Imam Mukhtar, and others (2003): Teaching Skills, 2nd Edition, Zahraa Al Sharq Library, Cairo.
13. Al-Haidari, Aida Abboud Hussein (2018): The Effectiveness of the Cluster Umbrella Strategy in Creative
Thinking Among First Intermediate Students, Journal of the College of Basic Education for Educational
and Human Sciences / University of Babylon, December.
14. Discourse, Abdullah Muhammad (2005): Teaching Science for All, 1st Edition, Dar Al Masirah, Jordan
15. Al-Khafaji, Zainab Tohme Osman (2002): The effect of each of the cluster questions and the questions
classified according to Bloom levels of knowledge on achievement and scientific thinking among second
grade female students, Institute of Teacher Education, Master Thesis, College of Education / Ibn Rushd,
University of Baghdad.
16. Al-Khalifah, Hassan Jaafar (1996): Teaching Planning, 1st Edition, Omar Al-Mukhtar University
Publications, Tripoli, Libya.
17. Al-Rubaie, Shatha Qassem (2014): Common Methods and Methods in Teaching History in Intermediate
School from the Perspective of Subject Teachers and Its Instructors and Specialized Supervisors, Journal of
the College of Basic Education, Volume (20), Issue (83), Baghdad, Iraq .
18. Shaheen, Abdel-Hamid Hassan Abdel-Hamid (2011), “Advanced Teaching Strategies, Learning Strategies
and Learning Styles”, Damanhour College of Education, Alexandria University.
19. Shehata, Hassan and Najjar, Zainab (2003): Glossary of Educational and Psychological Terms, 2nd
Edition, The Egyptian Lebanese House.
20. Saqr, Muhammad Husayn (2005): Critical Thinking, the Noble Qur’an and the Noble Hadith, Journal of
Educational Research, Teachers College in Al-Jouf, Educational Research Center, Issue (4), pp. 59-69.
21. Saifi, Asif (2013): Al-Muallem and Strategies of Hadith, 1st Edition, Usama Publishing House, Amman,
Jordan.
22. Al-Ta'i, Adwaa Abdul-Karim (2008): The extent of the teacher's interest in history teaching in the
emotional aspects of teaching history from the point of view of their students and the teachers themselves
in the College of Basic Education, College of Basic Education Research Journal, Volume (7), Issue (1) ,
Iraq.
23. Al-Atoum, Adnan and others (2015): Development of thinking skills, theoretical models and practical
applications, 6th Edition, Dar Al-Masirah for Publishing and Distribution - Amman.
24. Al-Ajras, Haider (2013): Contemporary Teaching Strategies and Methods, Dar Al-Radwan for Publishing
and Distribution, Amman, Jordan.
25. Al-Azzawi, Rahim Younis (2008): Strategies for Questioning Questions with Mathematical Applications,
1st Edition, Dijlah Al-Qaws House for Printing Services, Amman, Jordan.
26. Atta, Jinan Hussain (2004): The Effectiveness of Using Computers in Developing Some Geographical
Skills among First Intermediate Students, Master Thesis, College of Basic Education, University of Diyala.
27. Al-Azmeh, Rand Tayseer (2007): Development of Critical Thinking through the Kurt Program, Debono for
Publishing and Distribution, Amman, Jordan.
28. Al-Akoul, Ghada and Khaled Al-Saudi (2016): The Impact of an Educational Program Based on the
Principles of "RISK" on Achievement and Critical Thinking in the Study of Islamic Education among
Eighth Grade Female Students, The Jordanian Journal of Educational Sciences, Volume (12), Number (2).
29. Al-Ghariri, Saadi Jassim Attiyah (2001): Teaching Thinking Its Concept and Contemporary Trends, The
National Library of Publishing, Baghdad.
30. Al-Ghariri, Saadi Jassim Attiyah (2007): Teaching Thinking, BT, Al-Mustafa Press, Baghdad.
31. Qatami, Nayfeh (2001): Teaching Thinking for the Basic Stage, Dar Al Fikr for Printing and Publishing,
Amman.
32. Qatawi, Muhammad Ibrahim (2007): Methods of Teaching Social Studies, Dar Al-Fikr for Publishing and
Distribution, Amman, Jordan.
33. Majeed, Sawsan Shaker (2008): developing creative and critical thinking skills, Safaa House for Publishing
and Distribution, Amman.
34. Al-Masoudi, Muhammad and others (2013): Methods of Teaching Geography, 1st Edition, Dar Al-Radwan
for Publishing and Distribution, Amman, Jordan.
35. Hilat, Salah and others (2009): An investigation of the effectiveness of using historical documents in
developing critical thinking skills (knowledge of assumptions, interpretation, evaluation of evidence,
deduction, conclusion) among tenth grade students in the study of history, The Jordanian Journal of
Educational Sciences, Volume (5) No. (3).
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
You are free to:
- Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format for any purpose, even commercially.
- Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
- The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.
Under the following terms:
- Attribution — You must give appropriate credit , provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made . You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
- No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
Notices:
You do not have to comply with the license for elements of the material in the public domain or where your use is permitted by an applicable exception or limitation .
No warranties are given. The license may not give you all of the permissions necessary for your intended use. For example, other rights such as publicity, privacy, or moral rights may limit how you use the material.
