The Colony of Maryland Founded the Formation and the Justifications for Existence (1634-1774) A.C.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61841/086p3015Keywords:
Colony of Maryland Founded, , Formation and the Justifications for Existence.Abstract
The interest in how the justifications were supported as factors that created formation and presence in the historical quotes regarding the patterns of formation of the British colonies in the American continent, especially those whose formation formed the colony of Maryland.
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[1] Schultz Jeffrey, Lain Maclean, Encyclopedia Of Religion In American Politics, Published Simultaneousiy, Canada, 1999, P.267.
[2] Rudolf Emil Schcenfeld, Maryland1633to1776, Berne Buchler, Maryland, 1921, P.3.
[3] Avalon Colony: Granted to George Calvert after his conversion to Catholicism in 1623, for taking refuge in the doctrine and fleeing persecution, Calvert left in 1629 due to extreme weather conditions and skirmishes with the French, with a population of 100, for more: Schultz Jeffrey, Op. Cit,P.30.
[4] Joshua A. Burgess, Tracing The Finger Of God: The Role Of Wonders In Catholic Spirituality In Early America,
1634-1824, Copyright By Proquest, Baltimore, 2012, P.35.
[5] Abdullah Hasan Jabbar et al, 2020, ''Green Synthesis and Characterization of Silver Nanoparticle (AgNPs) using Pandanus Atrocarpus Extract'', International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology, 29 (3), 4913- 4922
[6] Edward C, Et Al, A Biographical Dictionary Of The Maryland Legislature, 1635-1789, Vol. Ii, Baltimore, 1979, P.76.
[7] Joshua A.Burgess, Op. Cit, P.36.
[8] County Durham: Situated to the north-east of England, it has the power to convene its own assembly, equip armies, appoint judges, enact laws and collect duties and taxes, being a border province and for its proximity to enemies, see: Richard Michael, Durham City; Past & Present, Publishing Ltd, London, 2007, P.4.
[9] Bernard C.Steiner, Beginnings Of Maryland1631-1639, The friedenwald Company Baltimore Md, U.S.A.,1903,P.9.
[10] Carl Briden Baugh, Earl Americans, Oxford University Press, New York, 1981, P.52.
[11] Wilbur P.Morgan, History Of Maryland, Philadelphia; Published By E .H . Hurtler &Co, New York, 1886, P.15.
[12] Mandy R.Marx, The Maryland Colony, New York-Rosen, 2006, P.24.
[13] Bernard C.Steiner, Op.Cit, P.19.
[14] Wm. Browne Hand, George Calvert And Cecilius Calvert Barons Baltimore Of Baltimore, New York, Dodd, Mead, And Company, 1890, P.159.
[15] House of Lords for Trade and Farms: A body responsible for colonial affairs on foreign plantations in the colonies consisting of five lords appointed by the King and representatives of the English colonies to manage the affairs of the colonies, seen: Bernard C.Steiner, Op.Cit, p.45.
[16] John Leeds Bozman, History Of Maryland From Its First Settement, In 1633 To The Restoration In1660, Vol.II, James Lucas&E.K. Deaver, Baltimore, 1837, P.365.
[17] Leonard Calvert (1606-1647): The first governor of the Colony of Maryland, the second son of George Calvert, accompanied his father to the Colony of Avalon, wisely ruled the colony, founded the Maryland Legislative Assembly, established the Maryland Legislative Assembly, established the Clayburn Rebellion in his rule and lost control of the colony, seen: John Leeds Bozman, Vol.II, Op.Cit, P.165.
[18] George Jr.: The ninth son of Lord Baltimore, the first of his wife Anne, who died in 1622, emigrated with his father to the Colony of Avalon at the time of its founding, then emigrated with the first colonists to the Colony of
Maryland after the Charter was issued, served as deputy governor Leonard Calvert died of fever before the promulgation of the Law of Tolerance in 1649, for more considering: John Leeds Bozman, Vol.II, Op.Cit, P.53.
[19] Rev.Father Andrew White, Andrepoets From Rev, Fathers Andrew White, John Atham, John Brock, And Other Jesut Fathers Of The Colony To The Superior Genral At Romr, Arel Ation Of The Colony Of The Lord Baron Of Baltimore, In Maryland, Near Virginia; Anarrative Of The First Voyage To Maryland, Translated By N.C. Brooks, A. M. Baltimore, 1847, P.20.
[20] Clayton Colman Hall, Llb, A.M, Narratives of Arly Maryland 1633-1684 Original Narratives Of Early American History, Charles Scribners Sons, New York, 1910 ,P.85.
[21] Captain Henry (1602-1661): Born in England and emigrated to Virginia in 1621, in 1623 he was captured by indians who remained a prisoner for five years who mastered Hindi during that time, after which he was released for ransom To Maryland on the voyage that took them to the colony in 1634, one of the first explorers who settled in Jamestown in the Colony of Virginia, Captain Henry helped Maryland Governor Leonard Calvert by virtue of his mastery of The Indian language in negotiations with Indian tribes headed by Emperor Patuxant, To buy land from the Indians there, he received 400 acres on the St. George River as a reward for his services, contracted fever and died, for more: Matthew Andrews, History of Maryland, New York, 1929, P.30.
[22] Ali Jabbar Abdullah (2019) "Climate drought causes and environmental effect (Iraq as an application model)"
Transylvanian Review, 12 (44), 122447.
[23] Robinson J.Dennis, Lord Baltimore Founder Of Maryland, Chicaco, 2006, P.80.
[24] Roberta Winer And Games R. Arnold, Colonles: Maryland The History Of Maryland Colony, 1634-1776, Chicago, 1952, P.45.
[25] Glenn Tilley Morse, The Ark And The Dove Ancestral Ships Of Maryland, American Antiquarian Society,1939,P.102.
[26] John Harvey (1582-1650): Governor of Virginia in 1628, expelled by a strong coalition in the Council because of disputes between him and the Virginia Council over the method of governance that made the members of the Council alienated in 1635, the rule of Virginia on January 18, 1637 again, eliminated trade between the Dutch and Indians on the orders of the King, Warren Billings, A Little Parliament; The Virginia General Assembly In The Seventeenth.
[27] Rev.B.F.Bron, Early Religious History Of Maryland, Maryland Not Roman Catholic, IToleration Not An Act Of Roman Catholic, Virginia, 1876,P.58.
[28] Rev.J.S.Lame, Maryland Slavery And Maryland Chivalry, Collins, Printers, Philadelphia, 1856, P.37.
[29] John Leeds Bozman, Vol.II, Op.Cit, P.580.
[30] Ethan Allen, Maryland Toleration; Or, Sketches Of The Early Of Maryland, To The Year 1650 ,Games S. Waters, Baltimore, 1855, P.14.
[31] Burgan, Lifin The Thireen Colonies, New York, 2004, P.107.
[32] Kevin Cunningham, The Maryland Colony, New York, 1966, P.51.
[33] William Brown Hand, George Calevert And Cecil Calvert: Barons Baltimore Of; Dodd Mead, And Company, New York, 1890, P.187.
[34] Edward Channing, A History The United States, Vol.I, The Planting Of A Nation In The New World 1000- 1660, The Macmillan Company, New Work, 1907, P.98.
[35] J.Herbert Claiborne,William Claiborne Of Kent Islnd, Vol.I, Publisher The William And Mary Quarterly, Baltimore, 1921, P.17.
[36] Albert J. Martinez, Jr, The Palatinate Clause Of The Meryland Charter,1632-1776;From Independence Jurisdican To Independen, The American Journal Of Legal History,Vol.50, No.3(July,2008), P.307.
[37] Edward J.Coale, History Of Maryland During The Three First Years After Its Settlement, Baltimore, 1907, P.195.
[38] Thomas Smith (1605-1691): Born in England, died in the Colony of Virginia, emigrated to the Virginia colony in 1634 for the purpose of making money, worked for Clayborn to lead the Longtail boat, which was confiscated by the Colony of Maryland and captured with his comrades on charges of trading within the colony's territory, was later released and returned to the Colony of Virginia, for further consideration: Gerard C.Wertkin, Encyclopedia of American, New York, 2004, P.539.
[39] Daily Pioneer, Sant Paul, Maryland Not A Roman Catholic Colony Stated In Three Letters, Minneapolis, Gohnson & Smith,Printer, New York, 1875, P.97.
[40] Thomas Cornwallis (1605-1675 AD): The second son of Sir Charles Cornwallis, an English catholic, an English politician and colonial official who served as one of the first commissioners of the Colony of Maryland accompanied Leonard Calvert as a consultant who was commander of the colonial army during the early years, in 1638 took over kent island in 1643 and defended the colony against any attack by William Clayborn or native Americans, timothy B. Riordan The Plundering Time considered :Maryland In The English Civil War,1642- 1650,Unpublished Draft Manscript, New York,1997,P.14.
[41] Timothy B.Riordan, Op.Cit, P.20.
[42] George Evelyn (1617-1699): An English politician who won a seat in the English House of Commons in 1640, previously worked as a lawyer and as a company agent between Claybourne and his other partners appointed as commander of Kent Island instead of Clayburn, but was characterized by mismanagement, which led to an insurrection within the island that was forcibly extinguished by land owner in Maryland, harrison dwight Cavanagh, Colonial Chesapeake Families, British Orins Andins Andins ,Vol.II, British, 1917, P.245.
[43] Ernest Lioyd Harris, Church And State In The Maryland Colony, Univeristats Buchdruckere Von J-Horning, New York, 1894, P.67.
[44] John Butler (1602-1684): Born in England and died in Virginia, one of the instigators of the rebellion against Lord Baltimore's authority on the island of Kent, the father of George Evelyn, was able to gather a number of his supporters to bring the island of Kent to William Clayborn failed, after which he left for Virginia, married to Elizabeth Clayburn, the sister of William Clayburn, seen: John Bennetdie Bod, Virginia Gene Historicalalogies
,Originally Published California, 1954, P.21.
[45] John Leeds Bozman, Vol.II , Op.Cit, P.396.
[46] Giles Burnett (1600-1672 A.D.): He studied at Oxford University, emigrated to Maryland in 1638, became a politician and economist in the colony and settled on Kent Island, served as treasurer, judge and deputy governor, and a member of the Maryland Assembly 1638-1644, despite this success, accused of disloyalty and emigrated to Virginia in 1649, for more: Eris John Maloney, Papists and Puritans in Early Maryland: Religion in The Forging of Provincial Society , 1632-1665, New York, 1996, P.97.
[47] Frederick.G.Usilton, History Of Kent County 1630-1916, Baltimore, 1915, P.67.
[48] David W.Jordan, Foundation Of Redresentative Government In Maryland, 1632-1715, New York, 1997, P.29.
[49] E.H.Butler, History Of Maryland, Philadelphia, 1819, P.185.
[50] John V.L.Mcmahon, An Historical View Of The Government Of Maryland From Its Colonization To The Present Day, Vol.I, Baltimore, 1831, P.138.
[51] Daniel Dulany, The Middle Colonies In 1755, Annapolis, 1943, P.13.
[52] Free Man: A term that emerged during the colonial period of the New World, every citizen over the age of twenty-one and not detained in personal service regardless of the gender of a citizen, whether a man or a woman, not a slave with the right to vote, enjoying civil and political rights, being a member of the Church and participating in city meetings, considers: David W.Jordan,Op.Cit,P.56.
[53] John Leeds Bozman, Vol.II, Op.Cit, P.399.
[54] Jerome Hawley (1590-1638): An English-Catholic merchant who settled in Virginia, his elder brother, the Governor of Barbados, went to Maryland in 1633 to obtain religious freedom, a thousand books on the lives and lives of Native Americans and their dealings with colonists, also served as an adviser to Queen Henrietta Maria, see: Eugene Fairfield, The Haiiey Family In England and America With Incidental References to The Family of Hawley, Vol.Viii, Chicago, 1933, P.22.
[55] John Leger (1602-1665): He met Cecil Calvert at Trinity College and became a friend of his as a priest in the Church of England, converted to Catholicism in 1635, served as secretary of the Colony of Maryland in 1637 after migrating with his wife and son, a successful administrator, a member of its association and a prosecutor, returned in 1648 to England and died of the plague, seen: Eric Maloney, Papists and Puritans in Early Maryland 1632-1665, New York , 1996, P.52.
[56] J.Frederic Fausz, The Chesapeake World The Greeted The Maryland Colonists, Baltimore, 1979, P.73.
[57] Loree Lough, Lord Baltimore: English Politician And Colonist, Chelsea House Publishers, Philadelphia, 2000, P.64.
[58] Carl N.Everstne, Marland Law Review, The Establishment Of Legislative Power In Maryland, Vol.12, 1951, P.57.
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