Presenting Causal Model of Students' Academic Burnout based on Perfectionism with the Mediating Role of Academic Procrastination and Academic Engagement
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61841/wbfdbd05Keywords:
Academic Burnout,, Perfectionism, Academic Procrastination, Academic EngagementAbstract
--- The main purpose of this study was examining the relationship between perfectionism and academic burnout with mediating role of academic procrastination and academic engagement in a casual model form among the undergraduate engineering students of Shiraz University during the2014-2015 academic year. Descriptive correlational method was used and out of 120 students were selected via simple random sampling and responded to a questionnaire composed of: Maslash Burnout Inventory (MBI, 2002), Savari Academic procrastination questionnaire (2011), Frost multidimensional perfectionism scale (1990) and Utrecht academic engagement scale (2003). Findings showed that academic burnout had a positive and significant relationship with academic procrastination and maladaptive perfectionism but a negative and significant relationship with adaptive perfectionism and academic engagement. Also it was recognized that perfectionism dimensions had an indirect effect on academic burnout via academic procrastination and academic engagement. Therefore, it is suggested to educators that educate students to choose appropriate criteria according to their abilities and don't lose their self- esteem and efforts when they don’t achieve to criteria but they do more efforts to achieve logical goals so that experience less academic burnout and thereupon less procrastinate their academic works and show more academic engagement.
Downloads
References
[1] Abbasi, M., Dargahi, S. H., Pirani, Z., & Bonyadi, F. (2015). Role of procrastination and motivational self- regulation in predicting students' academic engagement. Iranian journal of medical education, 15(23), 160- 169.
[2] Adie, J. & Wakefield, C. (2011). Perceptions of the teaching environment, engagement and burnout among university students on a sports-related degree program in the UK. Journal of Hospitality, Leisure, Sport and Tourism Education, 10 (2), 74-84.
[3] Archambault, I., Janosz, M., Morizot, J., & Pagani, L. (2009). Adolescent behavioral, affective and cognitive engagement in school: Relationship to dropout. Journal of School Health, 79(9), 408-415.
[4] Balkis, M. (2013).The Relationship Between Academic Procrastination and Student’ Burnout. H. U.
Journal of Education, 28(1), 68-78.
[5] Bowers, M. L. (2012). Burnout among Undergraduate Athletic Training Students.A Thesis; Submitted to the Faculty of the School of Graduate Studies and Research of California University of Pennsylvania in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science.
[6] Çakır, S., Akçab, F., Kodazc, A. F. & Tulgarerd, S. (2014).The Survey of Academic Procrastination on High School Students with in Terms of School Burn-Out and Learning Styles. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 114, 654 – 662.
[7] Çam, Z., Deniz, K. Z. & Kurnaz, Z. (2014). School burnout: Testing a structural equation model based on perceived social support, perfectionism and stress variables. Education and Science, 39(173), 310 – 325.
[8] Capan, E. (2010). Relationship among Perfectionism, Academic Procrastination and Life Satisfaction of University Students. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 5, 1665–1671.
[9] Çapri, B., Gündüz, B. & Akbay, S. E.(2013).The Study of Relations between Life Satisfaction, Burnout, Work Engagement and Hopelessness of High School Students. International Education Studies, 6(1), 35- 46.
[10] Chu, A H. C., & Choi, J. N. (2005). Rethinking procrastination: Positive effects of ‘‘active’’ procrastination behavior on attitudes and performance. The Journal of Social Psychology, 145, 245–264.
[11] Dyrbye LN, Thomas MR, Harper W, Massie FS Jr, Power DV, Eacker A, Szydlo DW, Novotny PJ, Sloan JA, Shanafelt TD.. (2009). The learning environment and medical student burnout: a multicenter study. Medical Education, 43: 274-282.
[12] Fehnel, S., Bann, C., Hogue, S., Kwong, W., & Mahajan, S. (2004). The development and psychometric evaluation of the motivation and energy inventory (MEI). Quality of Life Research, 13, 1321-1336.
[13] Frost, R. O, Marten, P. A., Lahart, C. & Rosenblate, R. (1990.The dimensions of perfectionism. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 14, 449-468.
[14] Fynchina,F.,(2012).Academic Burnout, Academic Procrastination and GPA in junior and senior students of the American University of Central Asia. American University of Central Asia Psychology Department. P5.
[15] Gadami, M. (2013). The relationship between perfectionism and test anxiety of students. Journal of educational innovations, 49, 136-151.
[16] Ghafelehbashi, M. S. (2014). Relations of perfectionism and goal orientation with academic burnout. A thesis submitted for the degree of Master of Arts. Tehran Markazi Azad University.
[17] Hajloo, N.(2013). Psychometric Properties of the Iranian version of short form of Utrecht job enthusiasm scale. Knowledge and research in applied psychology, 2, 61-68.
[18] Hawkins, C., Watt, H. & Sinclair, K. (2006). Psychometric Properties of the Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale with Australian Adolescent Girls: Clarification of Multidimensionality and Perfectionist Typology, Educational and Psychological Measurement, 66(6), 1001- 1022.
[19] Holloway, B. E. (2009). Does procrastination and stress have an effect on your health? Missouri western state university. Available at: http://clearinghouse.missouriwestern.edu/manuscripts/431.php.
[20] Jacobs, S. R. & Dodd, D. K. (2003). Student burnout as a function of personality, social support, and workload. Journal of College Student Development, 44(3): 291–303.
[21] Lui, K. (2010). The relationship between academic procrastination and academic achievement in Chinese university students. A thesis submitted to the faculty of the Graduate school of the university at Buffalo, state university of New York in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Art.
[22] Naami, A. Z. (2009). The relationship between learning experiences quality and academic burnout of M.A students of Chamran University. Quarterly journal of psychological studies, 3, 117-134.
[23] Palacio, J, Caballero, C, González, O, Gravini, M, Contreras, K. (2012) Relationship between burnout and coping strategies with GPA in university students. Univ Psychol, 11: 535-544.
[24] Prentice, W. (2009). Psychosocial Intervention of Sports Injuries and Illnesses. In: Arnheim’s Principles of Athletic Training.13th ed. New-York, NY: McGraw-Hill. 295-318.
[25] Rakes, G. & Dunn, K. (2014).The Influence of Perfectionism on Procrastination in Online Graduate Education Students. Society for Information Technology & Teacher Education International Conference,
Florida. United States. ISBN 978-1-939797-07-0
[26] Salmela-Aro, K., Kiuru, N., Pietikäinen, M. & Jokela, J. (2008). Does school matter? The Role of School Context in Adolescents’ School-related Burnout. European Psychologist, 13 (1), 12-23.
[27] Sarancheh, M. (2014). Casual relationships between personality traits and academic burnout with mediating role of perceived academic stress and academic self-efficacy among MA students of Chamran University. A thesis submitted for the degree of Master of Arts. Chamran University.
[28] Savari, K. (2011). Construction and validation of the academic procrastination questionnaire. Educational measurement, 5,97-110.
[29] Schaufeli, W. B., Martinez, I., Pinto, A. M., Salanova, M., & Bakker, A (2002). Burnout and engagement in university students: A cross-national study. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 33, 464–481.
[30] Schaufeli, W.B., & Bakker, A. (2003). UWES Utrecht Work Engagement Scale. Preliminary Manual [Version1, November 2003]. Utrecht University: Occupational Health Psychology Unit.
[31] Schaufeli, W.B., Bakker, A.B. & Salanova, M.(2006).The measurement of work engagement with a short questionnaire. A cross-national study. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 66, 701–716.
[32] Schraw, G., Wadkins, T. & Olafson, L. (2007). Doing The Things We Do: A Grounded Theory of Procrastination. Journal of Educational Psychology, 99, 12–25.
[33] Shih, Sh.(2012).An Examination of Academic Burnout Versus Work Engagement Among Taiwanese Adolescents. The Journal of Educational Research, 105: 286 – 298.
[34] Shin, H, Puig. A., Lee, J., Lee, J., & Lee, S. M.(2011).Cultural validation of the Maslach Burnout Inventory for Korean students. Asia Pacific Educational Review, 12, 633–639.
[35] Solomon, L. J. & Rothblum, E.D. (1984). Academic procrastination: Frequency and cognitive-behavioral correlates. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 31, 503-509.
[36] Steel, Piers. (2007). The Nature of Procrastination: A Meta-Analytic and Theoretical Review of Quintessential Self-Regulatory Failure. Psychological Bulletin, 133 (1): 65–94.
[37] Stoeber, J. Harris, R. A. & Moon, P. S. (2007). Perfectionism and the experience of pride, shame, and guilt: Comparing healthy perfectionists, unhealthy perfectionists, and non-perfectionists. Personality and Individual Differences, 43, 131-141.
[38] Stoeber, J., & Rambow, A. (2007). Perfectionism in Adolescent School Students: Relations with Motivation, Achievement, and Well-being. Personality and Individual Differences, 42, 1379-1389.
[39] Tuckman, B. W. (2007). The Effect of Motivational Scaffolding on Procrastinators' Distance Learning outcomes. Computers & Education, 49(2), 414-422.
[40] Ugwu, F. O, Onyishi, I. E. & Tyoyima, W. (2013). Exploring The Relationship Between Academic Burnout, Self-Efficacy and Academic Engagement Among Nigerian Collage Students. The African Symposiu, 13(2), 37-45.
[41] Wang, M. T., Willet, J. B. & Eccles, J. (2011). The Assessment of School Engagement: Examining Dimensionality and Measurement Invariance by Gender and Race/Ethnicity. Journal of School Psychology, 49(4): 465–480.
[42] Yao, M.(2009).An exploration of multidimensional perfectionism, academic self-efficacy, procrastination frequency, and Asian American Cultural Values. Graduate program in Psychology. The Ohio State University.
[43] Yavuz, G. & Dogan, N. (2013). Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Survey (MBI-SS): A Validity Study.
Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 116. 2453 – 2457.
[44] Zhang, Y., Gan, Y. & Cham, H. (2007). Perfectionism, academic burnout and engagement among Chinese college students: A structural equation modeling Analysis. Personality and Individual Difference, 43, 1529- 1540.
[45] Zahed babolan, A., Poorbahram, R.& Rahmaniejavanmard, S. (2014) relations of perfectionism, goal orientation and academic performance with academic burnout. A new approach to educational management, 2, 109-124.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
You are free to:
- Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format for any purpose, even commercially.
- Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
- The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.
Under the following terms:
- Attribution — You must give appropriate credit , provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made . You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
- No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
Notices:
You do not have to comply with the license for elements of the material in the public domain or where your use is permitted by an applicable exception or limitation .
No warranties are given. The license may not give you all of the permissions necessary for your intended use. For example, other rights such as publicity, privacy, or moral rights may limit how you use the material.
