Study of Butterfly Diversity in Botanical Garden Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61841/68kxr707Keywords:
Butterfly, Cibodas Botanical Garden,, Diversity, entomology, BiodiversityAbstract
The diversity and the number of butterflies decrease every year due to various environmental factors and unscientific management of natural resources. This study is focused on the assessment of diversity, abundance and uniformity, as well as the dominance of butterfly species in relation to vegetation composition in a habitat. In this study, we also investigate the factors that affect the life of butterfly species in the Cibodas Botanical Garden, Indonesia. This report reflects the common condition of botanical gardens in Indonesia, which function as a conservation garden while their surrounding areas are quickly being converted to make way for property and industrial development. We use catch and release technique for sampling over a period of three months in four different types of locations. From May to July 2018, we recorded as many as 885 butterflies (33 species) from five families. Our assessment of diversity shows that the waterfall location had the most diversity of species (H = 2.44), with a high abundance (R) and was the most balanced (E) with an index of 4.647 and 0.749 respectively. Delias belisama and Ypthima pondacus were two species that were the most dominant in numbers. The butterfly species that were observed generally preferred a humid area with varied vegetation, such as the Ciismun Waterfall. Our study shows that a high variety of vegetation and humidity in habitat, as well as its proximity to residential areas, have a significant correlation to the diversity of the butterfly species in a habitat.
Downloads
References
1. M. Böhm, B. Collen, J. E. M. Baillie, P. Bowles, J. Chanson, and N. Cox, “The conservation status of the world’s reptiles,” Biol. Conserv., vol. 157, pp. 372–385, 2013.
2. T. H. C. K. T. S. K. B. C. Y. Rajathurai S, “Not all green is as good: Different effects of the natural and cultivated components of urban vegetation on bird and butterfly diversity,” Biol. Conserv., vol. 171, pp. 299–309, 2014.
3. A. G. Mukherjee S, Banerjee S, Goutam K, Saha GK, Basu P, “Butterfly diversity in Kolkata, India: An appraisal for conservation management.,” J. Asia-Pacific Biodivers., vol. 8, 2015.
4. C. S, D. M, D. BK, and R. S, “Depleting butterfly diversity and conservation in Karimganj Area of Assam in Northeast India,” Northeast J. Contemp. Res., vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 25–32, 2014.
5. M. F, S. HB, and Hina, “Butterflies as indicator of climate change,” Zoo’s Print J., vol. 2, pp. 19–23, 2013.
6. R. S. Painkra N, Shukla A, “Diversity of environmental health markers odonata and lepidoptera in Gwarighat Region of River Narmada, Jabalpur (M.P) India.,” Int. J. Res. Granthaalayah, vol. 4, no. 4, p. 124, 2016.
7. M. K. Moretti, M., Duelli, P., & Obrist, “Biodiversity and resilience of arthropod communities after fire disturbance in temperate forests. Oecologia,” Community Ecol., vol. 149, pp. 312–327, 2006.
8. W. Noerdjito and P. Aswari, Metode Survei dan Pemantauan Populasi Satwa Seri Keempat Kupu-kupu Papilionidae. Cibinong: Bidang Zoologi Puslit Biologi-LIPI, 2003.
9. S. Murwitaningsih and A. P. Dharma, “Species Diversity of Butterflies at Suaka Elang ( Raptory
Santuary ) at Gunung Halimun Salak National Park in West Java,” Asian J. Conserv. Biol., vol. 3, no. 2,
pp. 159–163, 2014.
10. S. Murwitaniingsih and A. Dharma, “Species diversity of butterflies at Suaka Elang (Raptory Santuary) at Gunung Halimun Salak National Park in West Java,” J. Conserv. Biol., vol. 3, p. 2, 2014.
11. I. Widhiono, “Diversity of butterflies in four different forest types in Mount Slamet, Central Java, Indonesia,” Biodiversitas, vol. 2, no. 16, pp. 196–204, 2015.
12. K. C, “Checklist of butterfly diversity dwelling in the forest strip along sirhind canal mainline in Punjab, India,” Int. J. Res. Stud. Biosci., vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 169–173, 2015.
13. S. Harsh, “Butterfly diversity of Indian Institute of Forest Management, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India,”
J. Insects., 2014.
14. E. Jeevan, K. Naik, H. Ashashree, and H. Sayeswara, “Butterfly diversity and status in Mandagadde of Shivamogga, Karnataka, India International Journal of Applied Biology and Pharmaceutical Technology,” Int. J. Appl. Biol. Pharm. Technol., vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 325–332, 2013.
15. A. Kumar, “Butterfly (Lepidoptera: Insecta) diversity from different sites of Jhagadia, Ankleshwar, District-Bharuch, Gujarat,” Jour. Enj, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 09–18, 2013.
16. K. Patil, A. Virendra, and V. Shende, “Butterfly diversity of Gorewada International Bio- Park, Nagpur, Central India,” Arthropods, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 111–119, 2014.
17. X. Chen and T. Feng, “Patterns of butterfly distribution in Alabama, USA (Lepidoptera),” Biodivers. J., vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 25–32, 2016.
18. A. Ghoosh and T. Mukherjee, “Butterfly diversity at suburban green patch: a sustainable approach towards conservation,” J. Entomol. Zool. Stud., 2016.
19. A. Nair, P. Mitra, and S. Aditya, “Studies on the diversity and abundance of butterfly (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera) fauna in and around Sarojini Naidu College Campus, Kolkata, West Bengal, India,” J. Entomol. Zool. Stud., vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 129–134, 2014.
20. H. Cabette, J. Souza, Y. Shimano, and L. Juen, “Effects of changes in the riparian forest on the butterfly community (Insecta: Lepidoptera) in Cerrado areas,” Rev. Bras. Entomol., no. 61, pp. 43–50, 2017.
21. C. Lee, S.-S. K. SS, and K. TS, “Butterfly fauna in Mount Gariwang-san, Korea,” J. Asia-Pacific Biodivers., vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 198–204, 2016.
22. M. Mihindukulasooriya, K. Ranawana, D. Jonathan, and J. Majer, “Comparison of butterfly diversity in natural and regenerating forest in a biodiversity conservation site at Maragamuwa, Sri Lanka,” J. Biodivers. Environ. Sci., vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 387–391, 2014.
23. A. Gaikwad, S. Shende, and K. Kamble, “Survey of butterfly species diversity and abundance in Phaltan region, district Satara, Maharashtra,” J. Entomol. Zool. Stud., vol. 3, no. 5, pp. 32–37, 2015.
24. F. Dobson, “Butterflies act as wildlife indicators, warning us of ecosystem changes,” ENN (Environmental News Network), 2012.
25. Ihedioha, Thelma Ebele, Rita Ifeoma Odo, Uwakwe Simon Onoja, Chikaodili Adaobi Nwagu, John Ikechukwu Ihedioha, and . "Hepatoprotective properties of methanol leaf extract of Pterocarpus mildbraedii Harms on carbon tetrachloride- induced hepatotoxicity in albino rats (Rattus norvegicus)." Journal of Complementary Medicine Research 10 (2019), 162-
169. doi:10.5455/jcmr.20190716093120
26. Prasad, D.S., Kabir, Z., Dash, A.L., Das, B.C.Prevalence and risk factors for metabolic syndrome in Asian Indians: A community study from urban Eastern India(2012) Journal of Cardiovascular Disease Research, 3 (3), pp. 204-211. DOI: 10.4103/0975-3583.98895
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
You are free to:
- Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format for any purpose, even commercially.
- Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
- The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.
Under the following terms:
- Attribution — You must give appropriate credit , provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made . You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
- No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
Notices:
You do not have to comply with the license for elements of the material in the public domain or where your use is permitted by an applicable exception or limitation .
No warranties are given. The license may not give you all of the permissions necessary for your intended use. For example, other rights such as publicity, privacy, or moral rights may limit how you use the material.
